Lista de servicios online de upload multimedia con replicación

Servicios online multimedia distribuidos

Hoy en día en internet hay muchos servicios que nos permiten subir videos, imágenes, archivos o textos para compartirlos con otra gente. Pero es muy costoso usar varios servicios a la vez ya que tienes que hacer una cosa varias veces (una en cada servicio). Para ello disponemos de otras páginas webs que nos permiten subirla una vez y el se encarga de replicarlo en las demás servicios con los que es compatible. A continuación os pongo una lista de los servicios que conozco (si sabéis de alguno más me lo podéis decir). Espero que os sirva de ayuda.

Sharebee (http://www.sharebee.com/) archivos
Massmirror (http://www.massmirror.com): archivos Permite subir archivos a varios servicios de host: megaupload, rapidshare, badongo y zshare (lista actualizada aquí). El sitio acepta tanto archivos que tengamos alojados en nuestros ordenadores y otros que estén disponibles en Intenet.
Pixelpipe (http://pixelpipe.com/) archivos, imágenes, videos, texto, audio. Permite subir multitud de archivos multimedia a muchos servicios (lista de servicios disponibles aquí).
Blip.tv (http://blip.tv/) videos. Sube videos en varios servicios como youtube, vimeo, aol video entre otros.
Tubemogul (http://www.tubemogul.com/) videos.
Hellotxt (http://hellotxt.com/) texto.
Ping.fm (http://ping.fm/) texto.
Multisite Upload (http://www.multisiteupload.com): archivos Hasta el momento el sitio soporta los siguientes servicios: HotFile, FileFactory, DepositFiles, Badongo, NetLoad, Load.to, Mlfat4Arab, ZShare, 10Upload, UploadedTo, FileFx, EasyShare, SendSpace, MegaShare, 2Shared y ZippyShare

temas:

online

herramientas

Usar el dwr remótamente

Usar el dwr remótamente

Direct Web Remoting (dwr) es una librería que proporciona una API que permite realizar llamadas remotas a objetos Java del servidor desde código JavaScript cliente a través de Ajax.

La forma más comun es tener la parte del servidor y del cliente en la misma máquina, pero puede darse el caso en el que queramos tener la página cliente en otra máquina y acceder al drw remótamente. Esto no funciona por defecto y para que funcione, tendremos que hacer lo siguiente.

En la parte javascript tendremos que ejecutar estas dos órdenes antes de llamar a cualquier función de cualquier clase java publicada con el dwr (observar que la segunda orden tendremos que ejecutarla por cada clase java que utilicemos):

dwr.engine.setRpcType(dwr.engine.ScriptTag);
MyClass._path = 'http://MYDOMAIN.COM/dwr';

Y en el fichero web.xml del servlet DwrServlet hay que poner a true los parámetros allowScriptTagRemoting y allowGetForSafariButMakeForgeryEasier:

<init-param>
    <param-name>allowScriptTagRemoting</param-name>
    <param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
    <param-name>allowGetForSafariButMakeForgeryEasier</param-name>
    <param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>

Un ejemplo sencillo de la parte cliente de una clase java de nombre MyClass con una función de nombre myFunction publicada en un dwr que esta en la url http://DOMAIN1.COM/dwr sería el siguiente:

<html>
<head>
    <script type='text/javascript' src='http://MYDOMAIN1.COM/dwr/interface/MyClass.js'></script>
    <script type='text/javascript' src='http://MYDOMAIN1.COM/dwr/engine.js'></script>
</head>
<body>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        dwr.engine.setRpcType(dwr.engine.ScriptTag);
        MyClass._path = 'http://MYDOMAIN1.COM/dwr';
    
        MyClass.myFunction('parameter1',alert);
    </script>
</body>
</html>

Errores

Error 404 Not Found

Cuando se hace la llamada a una función de una clase java que esta publicada con el dwr (por ejemplo para una clase de nombre MyClass y una función myFunctión se llamaría a /dwr/call/plaincall/MyClass.myFunction.dwr), da un error http 404 Not Found.

Solución

El problema está en que cuando el dwr llama a la función de la clase, la llamada ajax la ejecuta como si el dwr estuviera en el mismo dominio que la aplicación cliente. Y como el dwr no esta en esa máquina, da ese error. Para que la llamada se haga con el dominio en el que esta el dwr (por ejemplo http://MYDOMAIN1.COM/dwr), tendremos que añadir en la aplicación cliente el siguiente código javascript antés de llamar a la función que queramos:

MyClass._path = 'http://MYDOMAIN.COM/dwr';

Error No data received from server

La petición ajax que se llama al ejecutar una función de una clase java publicada en el dwr, devuelve el estado http de exito 200. Pero no devuelve nada.

http://MYDOMAIN1.COM/dwr/call/plaincall/MyClass.myFunction.dwr No data received from server

Solución

El problema esta en que no hemos ejecutado el siguiente código javacript en la parte del cliente. Por lo que para solucionarlo tendremos que añadirlo a la parte cliente:

dwr.engine.setRpcType(dwr.engine.ScriptTag);

Error allowScriptTagRemoting is false

Cuando se hace la llamada a una función de una clase java que esta publicada con el dwr, nos aparece un error javascript que dice lo siguiente:

uncaught exception: allowScriptTagRemoting is false.

y en el log del servidor donde esta el dwr aparece la siguiente línea:

15:06:38,824 DEBUG DebuggingPrintWriter:43 - out(18): throw 'allowScriptTagRemoting is false.';

Solución

Tenemos que poner a true el parámetro allowScriptTagRemoting del servlet DwrServlet. Para ello tendremos que editar el fichero web.xml y añadir el siguiente parámetro para ese servlet:

<init-param>
    <param-name>allowScriptTagRemoting</param-name>
    <param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>

Error Get is disallowed

Al llamar a una función de una clase java publicada en el dwr, nos da el siguiente error javascript:

engine.js (línea 1310) Error: java.lang.SecurityException, GET Disalowed

y en el log del servlet aparece el siguiente error:

15:16:34,238 ERROR Batch:75 - GET is disallowed because it makes request forgery easier. See http://getahead.org/dwr/security/allowGetForSafariButMakeForgeryEasier for more details.

Solución

Tenemos que poner a true el parámetro allowGetForSafariButMakeForgeryEasier del servlet DwrServlet. Para ello tendremos que editar el fichero web.xml y añadir el siguiente parámetro para el servlet indicado:

<init-param>
           <param-name>allowGetForSafariButMakeForgeryEasier</param-name>
           <param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>

temas:

howto

dwr

Migración de una instalación de mldonkey

En este artículo os voy a explicar como podéis migrar la configuración de una instalación del servidor de mldonkey de una máquina a otra diferente (ya sea por un cambio de máquina, por formatear, etc) y así no perder la configuración para que los demás usuarios nos sigan identificando como el mismo con los puntos conseguidos.

Lo primero de todo es parar el servicio por si se esta ejecutando:

>> sudo /etc/init.d/mldonkey-server stop

Una vez parado, vamos ha hacer una copia de seguridad de los archivos que vamos a sustituir:

>> sudo tar -zcvf mldonkey.tar.gz /var/lib/mldonkey

Ahora podemos reemplazar los ficheros actuales por los de la otra instalación que estamos migrando. Como ejemplo considero que tengo la carpeta de la antigua instalación del servidor mldonkey en /mnt/var/lib/mldonkey. Lo que hay que hacer es: borrar la configuración nueva, copiar la antigua configuración y poner al usuario mldonkey de propietario de estos archivos:

>> cd /var/lib/mldonkey
>> sudo rm -R .
>> sudo cp -R /mnt/var/lib/mldonkey/* .
>> sudo chown mldonkey:mldonkey -R .

Una vez que tenemos la antigua configuración, tenemos que actualizar un parámetro de ella (el uid del usuario mldonkey). Para saber el uid del usuario mldonkey en la máquina en la que esta instalado el servidor, debemos ejecutar el siguiente comando (como podéis ver el uid del usuario mldonkey es 115):

>> more /etc/passwd | grep mldonkey
...
mldonkey:x:115:123::/var/lib/mldonkey:/bin/false
...

Una vez tenemos el uid del usuario mldonkey, tendremos que ir al archivo /var/lib/mldonkey/downloads.ini y buscar la línea en la que se indica este parámetro y le ponemos el actual:

run_as_useruid = 132

Ya tenemos el servidor mldonkey listo y lo podemos volver a arrancar:

>> sudo /etc/init.d/mldonkey-server start

temas:

Evitar el hotlinking

Vamos a ver como evitar el hotlinking. El hotlinking es la acción de usar una imagen de una página web en otra directamente (con la url del sitio original).

¿Cual es el problema del hotlinking? El problema esta en que esa imagen aunque la usen en otra web se esta descargando desde tu servidor y se esta consumiendo tu transferencia mensual de datos (Cuando contratas un host, tienes asignado una cantidad de MB que se pueden descargar de tu web cada mes y si los superan cortan el acceso a tu web). Por lo tanto no nos interesa que usen nuestras imágenes en otras webs.

Para evitar esto podemos indicarle al servidor web que no de las imágenes (o que de otra que le especifiquemos) si no es solicitada cuando estén mirando una de las webs que le indiquemos.

Pero aquí surge otro problema: si solo permitimos que nuestros sitios web accedan a nuestras imagenes, entonces las personas que usan un lector de rss online (tipo google reader, netvibes, etc) no se les mostrarán las imágenes de tus artículos. Por lo que tendremos que añadir también las webs de los principales lectores de rss online.

Para ello tendremos que poner en el archivo .htaccess las siguientes líneas (acordaros de sustituir el dominio de mi blog por los vuestros):

RewriteEngine On
RewriteBase /
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http?://(www.)?add.my.yahoo.com/.*$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http?://(www.)?bloglines.com/.*$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http?://(www.)?feedlounge.com/.*$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http?://(www.)?feedness.com/.*$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http?://(www.)?feeds2.feedburner.com/.*$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http?://(www.)?feeds.feedburner.com/.*$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http?://(www.)?bing.com/.*$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http?://(www.)?google.com/.*$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http?://(www.)?google/.*$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http?://(www.)?imagesgoogle/.*$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http?://(www.)?live.com/.*$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http?://(www.)?feedburner.com/.*$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http?://(www.)?netvibes.com/.*$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http?://(www.)?newsalloy.com/.*$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http?://(www.)?newsgator.com/.*$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http?://(www.)?yahoo.com/.*$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http?://(www.)?yahoo.es/.*$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^http?://(www.)?blog.intropedro.es/.*$ [NC]
RewriteCond %{HTTP_REFERER} !^$
RewriteRule .*.(jpe?g|gif|bmp|png|jpg)$ http://img24.imageshack.us/img24/4590/hotlinking.gif [L]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule . /index.php [L]

Con la orden RewriteRule indicamos las extensiones de las imágenes que no queremos servir al exterior y también la imagen que serviremos cuando nos pidan una imagen desde otra web. Aunque la imagen que dará el servidor web en vez de la pedida puede estar en nuestro servidor, os recomiendo ponerla en otro lado para no consumir nuestro ancho de banda.

Además os pongo unos cuantos ejemplos de imágenes hotlinking para que las utiliceis.

Ejemplo de hotlonking

Ejemplo de hotlinking

temas:

drupal

webmaster

Wifi usb 300 Mbps con antena externa de 5dBi

Introducción

Como algunos ya sabréis, me he comprado un nuevo wifi usb compatible con el protocolo 802.11n (300 Mbps) y con posibilidad de ponerle una antena externa para coger una mejor señal (ya que con el conceptronic que tenía antes, últimamente se me desconectaba cada dos por tres). También mire que fuera compatible con Linux. Y después de probarlo, la verdad es que estoy muy satisfecho con él. Además como se le puede cambiar la antena, si un día necesito coger señales wifi más débiles, siempre me puedo comprar una antena mejor que esta.

Me lo compre en ebay por unos 9 €. No tiene marca, pero si lo queréis aquí tenéis una lista con el mismo artículo.

Las principales características de este usb wifi son las siguientes:

Soporta los estándares IEEE 802.11n, 802.11g y IEEE 802.11b
USB 2.0
1x2 MIMO technology
Antena externa de alta potencia de 5dBi
Chipset : RTL8191SU
Brand New
No soporta la banda de frecuencia de 5GHz
Métodos de modulación: BPSK/ QPSK/ 16-QAM/ 64-QAM/ DBPSK/ DQPSK/ CCK
Poder de transmisión:
- IEEE 802.11n: 16 dBm (Max)
- IEEE 802.11g: 19 dBm (Max)
- IEEE 802.11b: 22 dBm (Max)
Modos de seguridad: 64/128-bit WEP, TKIP, AES, WPA and WPA2
Banda de frecuencia: 2.4GHz ISM Band*
Ratios de transferencia:
- IEEE 802.11n 300Mbps (Max)
- IEEE 802.11g 54Mbps (Max)
- IEEE 802.11b 11Mbps (Max)
Ancho de banda:
- 40MHz for 300Mbps
- 20MHz for 150Mbps

Instalación

Conectándolo directamente a mi Ubuntu Lucid 10.04 no me ha funcionado. Entonces he intentado instalar el driver del chipset RTL8191SU de Realtek. Para bajar el driver, solo hay que ir a la web de Realtek y en la sección de descargas bajar el correspondiente al chipset de nuestro usb. Una vez lo hemos bajado tenemos que hacer lo siguiente:

>> unzip RTL8191SU_usb_linux_v2.6.0006.20100625.zip
>> cd rtl8712_8188_8191_8192SU_usb_linux_v2.6.0006.20100625/driver
>> tar -zxvf rtl8712_8188_8191_8192SU_usb_linux_v2.6.6.0.20100625.tar.gz
>> cd rtl8712_8188_8191_8192SU_usb_linux_v2.6.0006.20100625
>> make

Aunque no daba ningún error al compilarlo, me aparecían muchos warning como este:

warning: cast from pointer to integer of different size

Este error según he mirado por internet, suele ser provocado porque el código fuente no es compatible con la arquitectura de tu sistema operativo (el código fuente del driver era para 32 bits y yo tengo un Ubuntu de 64). Luego vi que en los requisitos del driver (que estaban en un power point que venía en el zip del driver) ponía eso.

Entonces mire que errores ponía al enchufar el usb sin instalar nada y si que se cargaba un módulo y este daba un error:

>> dmesg
[  195.680081] usb 1-4: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 9
[  195.833672] usb 1-4: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice
[  195.834915] ==>ep_num:4, in_ep_num:1, out_ep_num:3
[  195.834922] ==>RtInPipes:3 
[  195.834927] ==>RtOutPipes:4  6  13 
[  195.834935] ==>txqueue_to_outpipemap for BK, BE, VI, VO, HCCA, TXCMD, MGNT, HIGH, BEACON:
[  195.834939] 1  1  0  0  2  2  2  2  2 
[  196.139432] Dot11d_Init()
[  196.155693] udev: renamed network interface wlan0 to wlan2
[  196.174397] rtl819xU: --->FirmwareDownload92S()
[  196.174402]
[  196.174413] usb 1-4: firmware: requesting RTL8192SU/rtl8192sfw.bin
[  196.178980] rtl819xU:request firmware fail!
[  196.178984]
[  196.179288] rtl819xU:Firmware Download Fail!!a
[  196.179290]
[  196.195633] rtl819xU: --->FirmwareDownload92S()
[  196.195637]
[  196.195652] usb 1-4: firmware: requesting RTL8192SU/rtl8192sfw.bin
[  196.203679] rtl819xU:request firmware fail!
[  196.203683]
[  196.204052] rtl819xU:Firmware Download Fail!!a
[  196.204055]
[  196.204060] rtl819xU:ERR!!! _rtl8192_up(): initialization is failed!
[  196.204063]
[  196.225748] rtl819xU: --->FirmwareDownload92S()
[  196.225756]
[  196.225768] usb 1-4: firmware: requesting RTL8192SU/rtl8192sfw.bin
[  196.243640] rtl819xU:request firmware fail!
[  196.243647]
[  196.245835] rtl819xU:Firmware Download Fail!!a
[  196.245840]
[  196.259225] rtl819xU: --->FirmwareDownload92S()
[  196.259232]
[  196.259246] usb 1-4: firmware: requesting RTL8192SU/rtl8192sfw.bin
[  196.286315] rtl819xU:request firmware fail!
[  196.286319]
[  196.287270] rtl819xU:Firmware Download Fail!!a
[  196.287273]
[  196.287281] rtl819xU:ERR!!! _rtl8192_up(): initialization is failed!

Como podemos ver, el módulo rtl819xU esta buscando el archivo /lib/firmware/RTL8192SU/rtl8192sfw.bin y no lo encuentra. Así que tendremos que ponerlo a mano. Para ello, en la carpeta /lib/firmware tenemos que crear una carpeta de nombre RTL8192SU y poner el archivo rtl8192sfw.bin que lo podemos bajar de aquí.

>> cd /lib/firmware
>> sudo mkdir RTL8192SU
>> cd RTL8192SU
>> sudo wget http://svn.debian.org/wsvn/kernel/dists/trunk/firmware-nonfree/realtek/RTL8192SU/rtl8192sfw.bin

Una vez hemos hecho lo anterior, volvemos a conectar el usb y ya nos funcionará correctamente.

>> dmesg
[  233.370036] usb 1-4: new high speed USB device using ehci_hcd and address 10
[  233.523575] usb 1-4: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice
[  233.524816] ==>ep_num:4, in_ep_num:1, out_ep_num:3
[  233.524821] ==>RtInPipes:3 
[  233.524826] ==>RtOutPipes:4  6  13 
[  233.524833] ==>txqueue_to_outpipemap for BK, BE, VI, VO, HCCA, TXCMD, MGNT, HIGH, BEACON:
[  233.524837] 1  1  0  0  2  2  2  2  2 
[  233.834091] Dot11d_Init()
[  233.850132] udev: renamed network interface wlan0 to wlan2
[  233.869694] rtl819xU: --->FirmwareDownload92S()
[  233.869703]
[  233.869718] usb 1-4: firmware: requesting RTL8192SU/rtl8192sfw.bin
[  233.875771] rtl819xU:signature:8192, version:902b, size:30, imemsize:7408, sram size:9688
[  233.875775]
[  233.875887] rtl819xU:--->FirmwareDownloadCode()
[  233.875889]
[  233.875982] rtl819xU:--->FirmwareCheckReady(): LoadStaus(1),
[  233.877709] rtl819xU:<---FirmwareCheckReady(): LoadFWStatus(1), rtStatus(0)
[  233.877714]
[  233.877722] rtl819xU:--->FirmwareDownloadCode()
[  233.877724]
[  233.877864] rtl819xU:--->FirmwareCheckReady(): LoadStaus(2),
[  233.880317] rtl819xU:-->FirmwareEnableCPU()
[  233.880326]
[  233.882682] rtl819xU:IMEM Ready after CPU has refilled.
[  233.882689]
[  233.882695] rtl819xU:<--FirmwareEnableCPU(): rtStatus(0x0)
[  233.882698]
[  233.882703] rtl819xU:<---FirmwareCheckReady(): LoadFWStatus(2), rtStatus(0)
[  233.882705]
[  233.882711] rtl819xU:--->FirmwareDownloadCode()
[  233.882713]
[  233.882726] rtl819xU:--->FirmwareCheckReady(): LoadStaus(3),
[  233.883052] rtl819xU:DMEM code download success, CPUStatus(0x3f)
[  233.883054]
[  233.884426] rtl819xU:Polling Load Firmware ready, CPUStatus(ff)
[  233.884428]
[  233.885674] rtl819xU:FirmwareCheckReady(): Current RCR settings(0x157e20e)
[  233.885676]
[  233.885929] rtl819xU:<---FirmwareCheckReady(): LoadFWStatus(3), rtStatus(0)
[  233.885932]
[  233.885935] rtl819xU:Firmware Download Success!!
[  233.885937]
[  236.714949] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlan2: link is not ready
[  257.057024] Linking with INTROWIFI2,channel:10, qos:0, myHT:1, networkHT:0, mode:6
[  257.057048] Linking with INTROWIFI2,channel:10, qos:0, myHT:1, networkHT:0, mode:6
[  257.057203] =====>rtl8192SU_link_change 1
[  257.059179] <=====rtl8192SU_link_change 2
[  257.059190] ===>ieee80211_associate_procedure_wq(), chan:10
[  257.110653] rtl819xU:==>SetBWModeCallback8192SUsbWorkItem()  Switch to 20MHz bandwidth
[  257.110660]
[  257.128254] rtl819xU:<==SetBWModeCallback8192SUsbWorkItem()
[  257.128276] =================>ieee80211_authentication_req():auth->algorithm is 0
[  257.133893] rtl819xU:rtl8192_qos_association_resp: network->flags = 2,0
[  257.133896]
[  257.133920] rtl819xU:qos active process with associate response received
[  257.133922]
[  257.133933] Associated successfully
[  257.133938] Using G rates:108
[  257.133942] Successfully associated, ht not enabled(0, 0)
[  257.133946] =====>rtl8192SU_link_change 1
[  257.137239] =============>ARFR0+rate_index*4:0xfff
[  257.146983] <=====rtl8192SU_link_change 2
[  257.146989] ============>normal associate
[  257.147744] ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): wlan2: link becomes ready
[  262.092467] alg name:CCMP
[  262.092498] rtl819xU:EnableHWSecurityConfig8192:, hwsec:1, pairwise_key:4, SECR_value:c
[  262.092501]
[  262.092782] rtl819xU:====>to setKey(), dev:ffff8800544c0000, EntryNo:4, KeyIndex:0, KeyType:4, MacAddr00:1a:2b:19:61:c3
[  262.092786]
[  262.096875] alg name:CCMP
[  262.096888] rtl819xU:====>to setKey(), dev:ffff8800544c0000, EntryNo:1, KeyIndex:1, KeyType:4, MacAddrff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

Por si os interesan los datos de este usb:

>> lsusb
...
Bus 001 Device 004: ID 0bda:8172 Realtek Semiconductor Corp.
...

temas:

compras

ubuntu

linux

Conectar un Apache con un oc4j con mod_jk

Introducción

Mod_jk es un módulo de Apache que nos permite conectar el Apache con otros servidores (tomcat, oc4j) a través del protocolo ajp13. Aunque Oc4j tiene un modulo para Apache llamado mod_oc4j, yo no he conseguido que me funcione con un OC4J Standalone y un Apache Genérico (Sin utilizar el que traen alguans versiones de Oc4j). Para balancear contra servidores de oc4j tendremos que seguir los pasoso descritos en la guía de balancear tomcats con apache, pero en vez de hacer los pasos de configurar el tomcat, tendremos que hacer los siguientes.

Configurar el OC4J

Lo primero será configurar el Oc4j para que escuche peticiones por el protocolo ajp13.

Vamos a crear un fichero ajp-web-site.xml en el que le indicaremos que escuche en un puerto con el protocolo ajp13 y las aplicaciones que podrá servir por este protocolo. Un ejemplo de este fichero para que escuche por el puerto 3000 con el protocolo ajp13 y que sirva una aplicación de nombre MiAplicacion con un módulo de nombre MiModulo y en un contexto MiContexto sería el siguiente (podemos poner tantas líneas web-app como módulos queramos que sirva):

<web-site xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://xmlns.oracle.com/oracleas/schema/web-site-10_0.xsd" port="3000" protocol="ajp13" display-name="OC4J 10g (10.1.3) Default Web Site" schema-major-version="10" schema-minor-version="0" >
    <default-web-app application="default" name="defaultWebApp" />
    <web-app application="MiAplicacion" name="MiModulo" load-on-startup="true" root="/MiContexto" />
</web-site>

Luego tendremos que ir a la carpeta C:\oc4j\j2ee\home\config y editar el fichero server.xml. En el tendremos que añadir la siguiente línea:

<application-servet ...>
    ...
    <web-site path="./ajp13-web-site.xml" />
    ...
</application-server>

Y por último reiniciamos el servidor.

Configurar el Apache

En nuestro archivo worker.properties tendremos que añadir la definición para el oc4j. Le indicamos el puerto, url y protocolo y lo añadimos a la lista de los workers:

worker.list=...,oracle
... 
worker.oracle.port=3000
worker.oracle.host=localhost
worker.oracle.type=ajp13

Luego tendremos que añadir al fichero de configuración del apache httpd.conf (por defecto estará en C:\Archivos de programa\Apache Software Fundation\Apache2.2\conf\) los parámetros del modulo modjk indicandole que aplicaciones queremos balancear al oc4j:

# Cargamos el módulo JK LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so
# Path to workers.properties
JkWorkersFile "C:/Archivos de programa/Apache Software Foundation/Apache2.2/conf/worker.properties"
# Path to jk logs
JkLogFile "C:/Archivos de programa/Apache Software Foundation/Apache2.2/logs/mod_jk.log"
# Jk log level debug/error/info
JkLogLevel info
# Jk log format
JkLogStampFormat "%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y "
# JkOptions for forwarding
#JkOptions +ForwardKeySize +ForwardURICompat -ForwardDiretories
# JkRequestLogFormat set the request format
JkRequestLogFormat "%w %V %T"
# Aplicaciones que estan en el OC4J
JkMount /MIAPLICACION* oracle

temas:

howto

apache

oc4j

Instalar o desinstalar Gnome, KDE o XFCE en ubuntu

Instalar o Desinstalar Ubuntu, Kubuntu o Xubuntu

Hay veces en las que queremos cambiar el escritorio de nuestro ubuntu. Y aunque tengamos una distribución Kubuntu (con Kde), Ubuntu (con Gnome) o Xubuntu (con Xfce), no significa que no podamos cambiar el escritorio. En este artículo vamos a ver como cambiar de escritorio en ubuntu o lo que es lo mismo, como cambiar de distribución de ubuntu.

Aunque hay un paquete que instala todos los paquetes necesarios de cada escritorio en ubuntu, para desinstalarlo no vale con desinstalar este paquete. Sino que hay que desinstalar todos los paquetes y como en cada versión de ubuntu, los programas por defecto han variado, para quitar cada escritorio tendremos que desinstalar unos paquetes u otros. A continuación tenemos los comandos para desinstalar e instalar cada escritorio para todas las distribuciones de ubuntu:

En Ubuntu Lucid (10.04):
- Instalar Gnome:
  >> sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop
- Desinstalar Gnome:
  >> sudo apt-get remove adium-theme-ubuntu alacarte app-install-data-partner binfmt-support binutils bluez-gstreamer branding-ubuntu brltty brltty-x11 capplets-data checkbox checkbox-gtk cli-common compiz compiz-core compiz-fusion-plugins-main compiz-gnome compiz-plugins compizconfig-backend-gconf computer-janitor computer-janitor-gtk couchdb-bin dcraw desktopcouch empathy empathy-common eog erlang-base erlang-crypto erlang-inets erlang-mnesia erlang-public-key erlang-runtime-tools erlang-ssl erlang-syntax-tools erlang-xmerl evolution evolution-common evolution-couchdb evolution-data-server evolution-data-server-common evolution-exchange evolution-indicator evolution-plugins evolution-webcal example-content f-spot gbrainy gcc gcc-4.4 gconf-defaults-service gconf-editor gdm-guest-session gedit gedit-common gnome-about gnome-applets gnome-applets-data gnome-bluetooth gnome-control-center gnome-disk-utility gnome-media gnome-media-common gnome-nettool gnome-panel gnome-panel-data gnome-power-manager gnome-screensaver gnome-session gnome-session-canberra gnome-terminal gnome-terminal-data gnome-themes-selected gnome-themes-ubuntu gnome-user-share gnome-utils gstreamer0.10-gnonlin gstreamer0.10-plugins-base-apps gstreamer0.10-tools gvfs-fuse gwibber gwibber-service humanity-icon-theme ibus ibus-gtk ibus-m17n ibus-table indicator-applet indicator-applet-session indicator-me indicator-messages indicator-session indicator-sound libanthy0 libart2.0-cil libc-dev-bin libc6-dev libcamel1.2-14 libcanberra-pulse libcompizconfig0 libcouchdb-glib-1.0-2 libcryptui0 libdecoration0 libdesktopcouch-glib-1.0-2 libebackend1.2-0 libebook1.2-9 libecal1.2-7 libedata-book1.2-2 libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-11 libedataserverui1.2-8 libegroupwise1.2-13 libexchange-storage1.2-3 libexempi3 libflickrnet2.2-cil libgail-gnome-module libgconf2.0-cil libgd2-xpm libgdata-google1.2-1 libgdata1.2-1 libgdict-1.0-6 libgdiplus libgdu-gtk0 libgif4 libglade2.0-cil libglib2.0-cil libglitz-glx1 libglitz1 libgmime2.4-cil libgnome-keyring1.0-cil libgnome-media0 libgnome-pilot2 libgnome-vfs2.0-cil libgnome-window-settings1 libgnome2.24-cil libgnomepanel2.24-cil libgoocanvas-common libgoocanvas3 libgpgme11 libgpod-common libgpod4 libgraphite3 libgtk2.0-cil libgtkhtml-editor-common libgtkhtml-editor0 libgtkhtml3.14-19 libgtksourceview2.0-0 libgtksourceview2.0-common libgweather-common libgweather1 libhyphen0 libibus1 libical0 libido-0.1-0 liblaunchpad-integration1.0-cil liblpint-bonobo0 libm17n-0 libmetacity-private0 libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil libmono-addins0.2-cil libmono-cairo2.0-cil libmono-corlib2.0-cil libmono-data-tds2.0-cil libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil libmono-posix2.0-cil libmono-security2.0-cil libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil libmono-sqlite2.0-cil libmono-system-data2.0-cil libmono-system-runtime2.0-cil libmono-system-web2.0-cil libmono-system2.0-cil libmono2.0-cil libmtp8 libmusicbrainz4c2a libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil libndesk-dbus1.0-cil libneon27-gnutls libnunit2.4-cil libotf0 libpisock9 libpisync1 libprotobuf5 libprotoc5 libpst4 libpth20 libraptor1 librasqal2 librdf0 libsctp1 libsdl1.2debian-pulseaudio libsqlite0 libstlport4.6ldbl libtelepathy-farsight0 libubuntuone-1.0-1 libupower-glib1 libwmf0.2-7-gtk light-themes linux-headers-2.6.32-21 linux-headers-2.6.32-21-generic linux-headers-generic linux-libc-dev lksctp-tools m17n-contrib m17n-db manpages-dev media-player-info metacity metacity-common mono-2.0-gac mono-gac mono-runtime mousetweaks nautilus nautilus-data nautilus-sendto nautilus-sendto-empathy nautilus-share obexd-client openoffice.org-base-core openoffice.org-calc openoffice.org-common openoffice.org-core openoffice.org-draw openoffice.org-emailmerge openoffice.org-gnome openoffice.org-gtk openoffice.org-help-en-us openoffice.org-impress openoffice.org-math openoffice.org-style-galaxy openoffice.org-style-human openoffice.org-writer pitivi pkg-config plymouth-theme-ubuntu-logo protobuf-compiler pulseaudio-module-bluetooth pulseaudio-module-gconf python-avahi python-configglue python-couchdb python-crypto python-desktopcouch python-desktopcouch-records python-egenix-mxdatetime python-egenix-mxtools python-farsight python-fstab python-gnomekeyring python-gtksourceview2 python-gtkspell python-ibus python-indicate python-mako python-openssl python-pam python-papyon python-protobuf python-pycurl python-pygoocanvas python-pyinotify python-serial python-telepathy python-twisted-bin python-twisted-core python-twisted-names python-twisted-web python-ubuntuone python-ubuntuone-client python-ubuntuone-storageprotocol python-uno python-wnck rdesktop rhythmbox rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder rhythmbox-plugins rhythmbox-ubuntuone-music-store screen-resolution-extra seahorse ssh-askpass-gnome telepathy-butterfly telepathy-gabble telepathy-haze telepathy-idle telepathy-mission-control-5 telepathy-salut tomboy tsclient ubuntu-artwork ubuntu-desktop ubuntu-docs ubuntu-mono ubuntu-sounds ubuntu-system-service ubuntu-wallpapers ubuntuone-client ubuntuone-client-gnome uno-libs3 upower ure vino whois xdg-user-dirs-gtk xfonts-mathml
- Instalar Kde:
  >> sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop
- Desinstalar Kde:
  >> sudo apt-get remove akonadi-server akregator amarok amarok-common amarok-utils apport-kde apturl-kde ark brltty cdrdao dolphin dragonplayer exiv2 foomatic-db-gutenprint freespacenotifier gdebi-kde gnupg-agent gtk2-engines-qtcurve gwenview hpijs-ppds ibus-qt4 icoutils ijsgutenprint install-package jockey-kde k3b k3b-data kaddressbook kamera kate kbluetooth kcalc kcm-gtk kcm-touchpad kde-window-manager kde-zeroconf kdebase-bin kdebase-data kdebase-plasma kdebase-runtime kdebase-runtime-data kdebase-workspace kdebase-workspace-bin kdebase-workspace-data kdebase-workspace-kgreet-plugins kdegraphics-strigi-plugins kdelibs-bin kdelibs5 kdelibs5-data kdemultimedia-kio-plugins kdepasswd kdepim-groupware kdepim-kresources kdepim-runtime kdepim-strigi-plugins kdepim-wizards kdepimlibs-data kdepimlibs5 kdesudo kdm kfind khelpcenter4 klipper kmag kmail kmix kmousetool knm-runtime knotes konqueror konqueror-nsplugins konqueror-plugin-searchbar konsole kontact kopete kopete-message-indicator korganizer kpackagekit kppp krdc krfb krosspython ksnapshot ksysguard ksysguardd ksystemlog ktimetracker ktorrent ktorrent-data kubuntu-debug-installer kubuntu-default-settings kubuntu-desktop kubuntu-docs kubuntu-firefox-installer kubuntu-konqueror-shortcuts kubuntu-notification-helper kvkbd kwalletmanager language-selector-qt libakonadiprivate1 libao2 libattica0 libaudio2 libboost-program-options1.40.0 libclucene0ldbl libdbusmenu-qt2 libepub0 libexiv2-6 libflac++6 libgif4 libgpgme11 libgpod-common libgpod4 libgraphite3 libhyphen0 libibus-qt1 libical0 libindicate-qt0 libiodbc2 libk3b6 libkcddb4 libkdcraw8 libkdecorations4 libkdepim4 libkephal4 libkexiv2-8 libkfontinst4 libkipi7 libkleo4 libkonq5 libkonq5-templates libkonqsidebarplugin4 libkopete4 libkpgp4 libkscreensaver5 libksgrd4 libksieve4 libksignalplotter4 libkwineffects1 libkworkspace4 liblastfm0 libmimelib4 libmodplug0c2 libmpcdec3 libmsn0.3 libmtp8 libmusicbrainz4c2a libmysqlclient16 libneon27-gnutls libokularcore1 libpackagekit-glib2-12 libpackagekit-qt-12 libphonon4 libplasma-applet-system-monitor4 libplasma-geolocation-interface4 libplasma3 libplasmaclock4 libplasmagenericshell4 libpolkit-qt-1-0 libpoppler-qt4-3 libprocesscore4 libprocessui4 libpth20 libqca2 libqca2-plugin-ossl libqimageblitz4 libqt4-assistant libqt4-dbus libqt4-designer libqt4-help libqt4-network libqt4-opengl libqt4-qt3support libqt4-script libqt4-scripttools libqt4-sql libqt4-sql-mysql libqt4-sql-sqlite libqt4-svg libqt4-test libqt4-webkit libqt4-xml libqt4-xmlpatterns libqtcore4 libqtgui4 libqtscript4-core libqtscript4-gui libqtscript4-network libqtscript4-sql libqtscript4-uitools libqtscript4-xml libraptor1 librasqal2 librdf0 libsolidcontrol4 libsolidcontrolifaces4 libsoprano4 libssh-4 libstlport4.6ldbl libstreamanalyzer0 libstreams0 libtag-extras1 libtaskmanager4 libvncserver0 libweather-ion4 libxcb-shape0 libxcb-shm0 libxcb-xv0 libxine1 libxine1-bin libxine1-console libxine1-misc-plugins libxine1-x libzip1 mysql-client-core-5.1 mysql-common mysql-server-core-5.1 network-manager-kde okular okular-extra-backends openoffice.org-base-core openoffice.org-calc openoffice.org-common openoffice.org-core openoffice.org-draw openoffice.org-emailmerge openoffice.org-impress openoffice.org-kde openoffice.org-math openoffice.org-style-galaxy openoffice.org-style-oxygen openoffice.org-writer oxygen-cursor-theme oxygen-icon-theme oxygen-icon-theme-complete packagekit packagekit-backend-apt phonon phonon-backend-xine pinentry-gtk2 pinentry-qt4 plasma-dataengines-addons plasma-dataengines-workspace plasma-desktop plasma-scriptengine-javascript plasma-scriptengine-python plasma-widget-facebook plasma-widget-folderview plasma-widget-kimpanel plasma-widget-kimpanel-backend-ibus plasma-widget-kubuntu-feedback plasma-widget-message-indicator plasma-widget-quickaccess plasma-widgets-addons plasma-widgets-workspace plymouth-theme-kubuntu-logo polkit-kde-1 printer-applet python-kde4 python-packagekit python-qt4 python-qt4-dbus python-sip python-uno quassel quassel-data rdesktop shared-desktop-ontologies software-properties-kde soprano-daemon system-config-printer-kde systemsettings ttf-dejavu ttf-dejavu-extra uno-libs3 update-manager-kde ure usb-creator-kde userconfig virtuoso-nepomuk xfonts-mathml
- Instalar Xfce:
  >> sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop
- Desinstalar Xfce:
  >> sudo apt-get remove a2ps abiword abiword-common abiword-plugin-grammar abiword-plugin-mathview app-install-data-commercial aumix aumix-common catfish exaile exo-utils fortune-mod fortunes-min gigolo gimp gimp-data gnumeric gnumeric-common gnumeric-doc gtk2-engines-xfce libabiword-2.8 libaiksaurus-1.2-0c2a libaiksaurus-1.2-data libaiksaurusgtk-1.2-0c2a libbabl-0.0-0 libexo-0.3-0 libexo-common libgdome2-0 libgdome2-cpp-smart0c2a libgegl-0.0-0 libgimp2.0 libgoffice-0.8-8 libgoffice-0.8-8-common libgtkmathview0c2a libjpeg-progs liblink-grammar4 libmng1 libotr2 libots0 libpsiconv6 librecode0 libscim8c2a libsdl1.2debian-alsa libsexy2 libt1-5 libtagc0 libthunar-vfs-1-2 libwv-1.2-3 libxcb-keysyms1 libxfce4menu-0.1-0 libxfce4util-bin libxfce4util-common libxfce4util4 libxfcegui4-4 libxfconf-0-2 libxmlrpc-core-c3 link-grammar-dictionaries-en mousepad murrine-themes orage oss-compat pidgin pidgin-data pidgin-libnotify pidgin-otr psutils python-cddb python-mmkeys python-mutagen python-sexy ristretto scim scim-bridge-agent scim-bridge-client-gtk scim-gtk2-immodule scim-modules-socket scim-modules-table scim-tables-additional tango-icon-theme tango-icon-theme-common tcl thunar thunar-archive-plugin thunar-data thunar-media-tags-plugin thunar-thumbnailers thunar-volman thunderbird ttf-lyx usb-creator vim-runtime wdiff xchat xchat-common xfce-keyboard-shortcuts xfce4-appfinder xfce4-clipman xfce4-clipman-plugin xfce4-cpugraph-plugin xfce4-dict xfce4-fsguard-plugin xfce4-mailwatch-plugin xfce4-mixer xfce4-mount-plugin xfce4-netload-plugin xfce4-notes xfce4-notes-plugin xfce4-panel xfce4-places-plugin xfce4-power-manager xfce4-power-manager-data xfce4-quicklauncher-plugin xfce4-screenshooter xfce4-session xfce4-settings xfce4-smartbookmark-plugin xfce4-systemload-plugin xfce4-terminal xfce4-utils xfce4-verve-plugin xfce4-volumed xfce4-weather-plugin xfce4-xkb-plugin xfconf xfdesktop4 xfdesktop4-data xfprint4 xfswitch-plugin xfwm4 xfwm4-themes xscreensaver xubuntu-artwork xubuntu-default-settings xubuntu-desktop xubuntu-docs xubuntu-gdm-theme xubuntu-icon-theme xubuntu-plymouth-theme xubuntu-wallpapers
En Ubuntu Karmic (9.10):
- Instalar Gnome:
  >> sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop
- Desinstalar Gnome:
  >> sudo apt-get remove alacarte app-install-data-partner aptdaemon binfmt-support brltty brltty-x11 capplets-data checkbox checkbox-gtk cli-common compiz compiz-core compiz-fusion-plugins-extra compiz-fusion-plugins-main compiz-gnome compiz-plugins compiz-wrapper compizconfig-backend-gconf computer-janitor computer-janitor-gtk couchdb-bin dcraw desktopcouch devicekit-power empathy empathy-doc eog erlang-base erlang-crypto erlang-inets erlang-mnesia erlang-public-key erlang-runtime-tools erlang-ssl erlang-syntax-tools erlang-xmerl evolution evolution-common evolution-couchdb evolution-data-server evolution-data-server-common evolution-documentation-en evolution-exchange evolution-indicator evolution-plugins evolution-webcal example-content f-spot gconf-defaults-service gconf-editor gdm-guest-session gedit gedit-common gnome-about gnome-applets gnome-applets-data gnome-bluetooth gnome-control-center gnome-disk-utility gnome-media gnome-media-common gnome-menus gnome-nettool gnome-panel gnome-panel-data gnome-pilot gnome-pilot-conduits gnome-power-manager gnome-session gnome-session-canberra gnome-settings-daemon gnome-terminal gnome-terminal-data gnome-themes-selected gnome-themes-ubuntu gnome-user-guide gnome-utils gstreamer0.10-plugins-base-apps gstreamer0.10-pulseaudio gstreamer0.10-tools gvfs-fuse human-theme humanity-icon-theme ibus ibus-gtk ibus-m17n ibus-table indicator-applet indicator-applet-session indicator-messages indicator-session libanthy0 libart2.0-cil libcamel1.2-14 libcanberra-pulse libcolamd2.7.1 libcompizconfig0 libcouchdb-glib-1.0-1 libcryptui0 libdbusmenu-glib0 libdbusmenu-gtk0 libdecoration0 libebackend1.2-0 libebook1.2-9 libecal1.2-7 libedata-book1.2-2 libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-11 libedataserverui1.2-8 libegroupwise1.2-13 libempathy-common libempathy-gtk-common libempathy-gtk28 libempathy30 libexchange-storage1.2-3 libexempi3 libflickrnet2.2-cil libgconf2.0-cil libgd2-xpm libgdata-google1.2-1 libgdata1.2-1 libgdict-1.0-6 libgdiplus libgdu-gtk0 libglade2.0-cil libglib2.0-cil libglitz-glx1 libglitz1 libgmime-2.0-2a libgmime2.2a-cil libgnome-keyring1.0-cil libgnome-media0 libgnome-pilot2 libgnome-vfs2.0-cil libgnome-window-settings1 libgnome2.24-cil libgnomepanel2.24-cil libgpod-common libgpod4 libgtk2.0-cil libgtkhtml-editor-common libgtkhtml-editor0 libgtkhtml3.14-19 libgtksourceview2.0-0 libgtksourceview2.0-common libgweather-common libgweather1 libhyphen0 libibus1 libical0 libjson-glib-1.0-0 liblpint-bonobo0 libm17n-0 libmetacity0 libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil libmono-addins0.2-cil libmono-cairo2.0-cil libmono-corlib2.0-cil libmono-data-tds2.0-cil libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil libmono-posix2.0-cil libmono-security2.0-cil libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil libmono-sqlite2.0-cil libmono-system-data2.0-cil libmono-system-web2.0-cil libmono-system2.0-cil libmono2.0-cil libmtp8 libmusicbrainz4c2a libmysqlclient16 libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil libndesk-dbus1.0-cil libneon27-gnutls libotf0 libpisock9 libpisync1 libpq5 libprotobuf3 libpst4 libpulse-browse0 libpulse-mainloop-glib0 libraptor1 librasqal1 librdf0 libsctp1 libspeexdsp1 libsqlite0 libstlport4.6ldbl libtelepathy-farsight0 libwebkit-1.0-2 libwebkit-1.0-common libwmf0.2-7-gtk lksctp-tools lp-solve m17n-contrib m17n-db media-player-info mesa-utils metacity metacity-common mono-2.0-gac mono-gac mono-runtime mousetweaks mysql-common nautilus nautilus-data nautilus-sendto nautilus-share obexd-client openoffice.org-base-core openoffice.org-calc openoffice.org-common openoffice.org-core openoffice.org-draw openoffice.org-emailmerge openoffice.org-gnome openoffice.org-gtk openoffice.org-help-en-us openoffice.org-impress openoffice.org-math openoffice.org-style-galaxy openoffice.org-style-human openoffice.org-writer pkg-config protobuf-compiler pulseaudio pulseaudio-esound-compat pulseaudio-module-bluetooth pulseaudio-module-gconf pulseaudio-module-udev pulseaudio-module-x11 pulseaudio-utils python-aptdaemon python-aptdaemon-gtk python-avahi python-configglue python-couchdb python-crypto python-desktopcouch python-desktopcouch-records python-fstab python-gmenu python-gnomeapplet python-gnomekeyring python-gtksourceview2 python-ibus python-openssl python-pam python-papyon python-protobuf python-pyinotify python-rsvg python-serial python-telepathy python-twisted-bin python-twisted-core python-twisted-names python-twisted-web python-ubuntuone-client python-ubuntuone-storageprotocol python-uno python-webkit raptor-utils rdesktop redland-utils rhythmbox screen-resolution-extra seahorse software-center ssh-askpass-gnome telepathy-butterfly telepathy-gabble telepathy-haze telepathy-idle telepathy-mission-control-5 telepathy-salut tomboy tsclient ubuntu-artwork ubuntu-desktop ubuntu-docs ubuntu-sounds ubuntu-system-service ubuntu-wallpapers ubuntuone-client ubuntuone-client-gnome uno-libs3 ure vino whois xdg-user-dirs-gtk xfonts-mathml
- Instalar Kde:
  >> sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop
- Desinstalar Kde:
  >> sudo apt-get remove akonadi-server akregator amarok amarok-common amarok-utils apport-kde apturl-kde ark brltty cdrdao dolphin dragonplayer exiv2 foomatic-db-gutenprint gdebi-kde gnupg-agent gtk2-engines-qtcurve gwenview hpijs-ppds ibus-qt4 ijsgutenprint install-package jockey-kde k3b k3b-data kaddressbook kamera kate kcm-gtk kde-icons-oxygen kde-style-qtcurve kde-window-manager kde-zeroconf kdebase-bin kdebase-data kdebase-plasma kdebase-runtime kdebase-runtime-bin-kde4 kdebase-runtime-data kdebase-runtime-data-common kdebase-workspace-bin kdebase-workspace-data kdebase-workspace-kgreet-plugins kdebase-workspace-libs4+5 kdebluetooth kdegraphics-strigi-plugins kdelibs-bin kdelibs5 kdelibs5-data kdemultimedia-kio-plugins kdepasswd kdepim-groupware kdepim-kresources kdepim-runtime kdepim-runtime-data kdepim-runtime-libs4 kdepim-strigi-plugins kdepim-wizards kdepimlibs-data kdepimlibs5 kdesudo kdm kfind khelpcenter4 kipi-plugins klipper kmag kmail kmix kmousetool knotes konq-plugins konq-plugins-l10n konqueror konqueror-nsplugins konqueror-plugin-searchbar konqueror-plugins konsole kontact kopete korganizer kpackagekit kppp krdc krfb ksnapshot ksysguard ksysguardd ksystemlog ktimetracker ktorrent ktorrent-data kubuntu-artwork-usplash kubuntu-default-settings kubuntu-desktop kubuntu-docs kubuntu-firefox-installer kubuntu-konqueror-shortcuts kvkbd kwalletmanager kwin-style-qtcurve language-selector-qt libakonadiprivate1 libao2 libaudio2 libboost-program-options1.38.0 libclucene0ldbl libcolamd2.7.1 libepub0 libexiv2-5 libfftw3-3 libflac++6 libgpod-common libgpod4 libhyphen0 libical0 libindicate-qt0 libjpeg-progs libk3b6 libkabcommon4 libkcddb4 libkdcraw7 libkdecorations4 libkdepim4 libkexiv2-7 libkipi6 libkleo4 libknotificationitem1 libkonq5 libkonq5-templates libkonqsidebarplugin4 libkontactinterfaces4 libkopete4 libkorundum4-ruby1.8 libkpgp4 libksane0 libksieve4 libkwineffects1 liblancelot0 liblastfm0 liblzma0 libmimelib4 libmodplug0c2 libmpcdec3 libmsn0.1 libmtp8 libmusicbrainz4c2a libmysqlclient16 libneon27-gnutls libokularcore1 libpackagekit-glib11 libpackagekit-qt11 libplasma3 libpolkit-qt0 libpoppler-qt4-3 libpq5 libqca2 libqca2-plugin-ossl libqimageblitz4 libqscintilla2-5 libqt4-assistant libqt4-dbus libqt4-designer libqt4-help libqt4-network libqt4-opengl libqt4-phonon libqt4-qt3support libqt4-ruby1.8 libqt4-script libqt4-scripttools libqt4-sql libqt4-sql-mysql libqt4-sql-sqlite libqt4-svg libqt4-test libqt4-webkit libqt4-xml libqt4-xmlpatterns libqtcore4 libqtgui4 libqtscript4-core libqtscript4-gui libqtscript4-network libqtscript4-sql libqtscript4-uitools libqtscript4-xml libraptor1 librasqal1 librdf0 libruby1.8 libsmokekde4-2 libsmokeqt4-2 libsoprano4 libstlport4.6ldbl libstreamanalyzer0 libstreams0 libstrigiqtdbusclient0 libtag-extras1 libtidy-0.99-0 libvncserver0 libxcb-shape0 libxcb-shm0 libxcb-xv0 libxine1 libxine1-bin libxine1-console libxine1-misc-plugins libxine1-x libzip1 lp-solve mysql-common mysql-server-core-5.1 okular okular-extra-backends openoffice.org-base-core openoffice.org-calc openoffice.org-common openoffice.org-core openoffice.org-draw openoffice.org-emailmerge openoffice.org-impress openoffice.org-kde openoffice.org-math openoffice.org-style-galaxy openoffice.org-style-oxygen openoffice.org-writer oxygen-cursor-theme packagekit packagekit-backend-apt phonon-backend-xine pinentry-gtk2 pinentry-qt4 plasma-dataengines-addons plasma-dataengines-workspace plasma-scriptengine-python plasma-widget-facebook plasma-widget-folderview plasma-widget-googlecalendar plasma-widget-indicatordisplay plasma-widget-kimpanel plasma-widget-kubuntu-qa-feedback plasma-widget-lancelot plasma-widget-networkmanagement plasma-widget-quickaccess plasma-widgets-addons plasma-widgets-workspace printer-applet python-kde4 python-packagekit python-qt4 python-qt4-dbus python-sip4 python-uno quassel quassel-data raptor-utils rdesktop redland-utils ruby ruby1.8 software-properties-kde soprano-daemon speedcrunch system-config-printer-kde systemsettings uno-libs3 update-manager-kde update-notifier-kde ure usb-creator-kde userconfig xfonts-mathml
- Instalar Xfce:
  >> sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop
- Desinstalar Xfce:
  >> sudo apt-get remove a2ps abiword abiword-common abiword-help abiword-plugin-grammar abiword-plugin-mathview abiword-plugins app-install-data-commercial catfish exaile exo-utils feh fortune-mod fortunes-min giblib1 gigolo gnome-app-install gnumeric gnumeric-common gnumeric-doc gtk2-engines-xfce imagemagick libaiksaurus-1.2-0c2a libaiksaurus-1.2-data libaiksaurusgtk-1.2-0c2a libexo-0.3-0 libgdome2-0 libgdome2-cpp-smart0c2a libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0 libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgoffice-0-8 libgoffice-0-8-common libgtkmathview0c2a libid3tag0 libimlib2 liblink-grammar4 libotr2 libots0 libpolkit-dbus2 libpolkit-gnome0 libpolkit-grant2 libpolkit2 librecode0 libscim8c2a libt1-5 libtagc0 libthunar-vfs-1-2 libwv-1.2-3 libxcb-keysyms1 libxfce4menu-0.1-0 libxfce4util4 libxfcegui4-4 libxfconf-0-2 libxmlrpc-core-c3 link-grammar-dictionaries-en mousepad orage pidgin pidgin-data pidgin-libnotify pidgin-otr policykit policykit-gnome psutils python-cddb python-mmkeys python-mutagen ristretto scim scim-bridge-agent scim-bridge-client-gtk scim-gtk2-immodule scim-modules-socket scim-modules-table scim-tables-additional tango-icon-theme tango-icon-theme-common tcl thunar thunar-archive-plugin thunar-data thunar-media-tags-plugin thunar-thumbnailers thunar-volman thunderbird ttf-arphic-uming ttf-liberation usb-creator usplash-theme-xubuntu vim-runtime wdiff xchat xchat-common xfce4-appfinder xfce4-battery-plugin xfce4-clipman-plugin xfce4-cpugraph-plugin xfce4-dict xfce4-fsguard-plugin xfce4-mailwatch-plugin xfce4-mixer xfce4-mount-plugin xfce4-netload-plugin xfce4-notes-plugin xfce4-panel xfce4-places-plugin xfce4-power-manager xfce4-power-manager-data xfce4-quicklauncher-plugin xfce4-screenshooter xfce4-session xfce4-settings xfce4-smartbookmark-plugin xfce4-systemload-plugin xfce4-terminal xfce4-utils xfce4-verve-plugin xfce4-volumed xfce4-weather-plugin xfce4-xkb-plugin xfconf xfdesktop4 xfdesktop4-data xfprint4 xfswitch-plugin xfwm4 xfwm4-themes xubuntu-artwork xubuntu-artwork-usplash xubuntu-default-settings xubuntu-desktop xubuntu-docs xubuntu-gdm-theme xubuntu-wallpapers
En Ubuntu Jaunty (9.04):
- Instalar Gnome:
  >> sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop
- Desinstalar Gnome:
  >> sudo apt-get remove alacarte app-install-data-partner binfmt-support brltty brltty-x11 capplets-data checkbox checkbox-gtk cli-common compiz compiz-core compiz-fusion-plugins-extra compiz-fusion-plugins-main compiz-gnome compiz-plugins compiz-wrapper compizconfig-backend-gconf computer-janitor computer-janitor-gtk contact-lookup-applet dcraw ekiga eog evolution evolution-common evolution-data-server evolution-data-server-common evolution-documentation-en evolution-exchange evolution-indicator evolution-plugins evolution-webcal example-content f-spot fast-user-switch-applet firefox-gnome-support gconf-editor gdm-guest-session gedit gedit-common gnome-about gnome-applets gnome-applets-data gnome-codec-install gnome-control-center gnome-menus gnome-nettool gnome-panel gnome-panel-data gnome-pilot gnome-pilot-conduits gnome-session gnome-session-canberra gnome-settings-daemon gnome-terminal gnome-terminal-data gnome-themes-selected gnome-themes-ubuntu gnome-utils gstreamer0.10-plugins-base-apps gstreamer0.10-pulseaudio gstreamer0.10-schroedinger gstreamer0.10-tools gvfs-fuse human-icon-theme human-theme indicator-applet indicator-messages libart2.24-cil libasound2-plugins libcolamd-3.2.0 libcompizconfig0 libdecoration0 libebackend1.2-0 libedata-book1.2-2 libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserverui1.2-8 libegroupwise1.2-13 libexchange-storage1.2-3 libexempi3 libflickrnet2.1.5-cil libgconf2.24-cil libgdata-google1.2-1 libgdata1.2-1 libgdict-1.0-6 libgdiplus libgif4 libglade2.0-cil libglib2.0-cil libglitz-glx1 libglitz1 libgmime-2.0-2a libgmime2.2a-cil libgnome-keyring1.0-cil libgnome-pilot2 libgnome-vfs2.24-cil libgnome-window-settings1 libgnome2.24-cil libgnomepanel2.24-cil libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod-common libgpod4 libgsm1 libgtk2.0-cil libgtkhtml-editor-common libgtkhtml-editor0 libgtkhtml3.14-19 libhyphen0 libicu38 libindicate1 liblpint-bonobo0 libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil libmono-addins0.2-cil libmono-cairo2.0-cil libmono-corlib2.0-cil libmono-data-tds2.0-cil libmono-data2.0-cil libmono-getoptions2.0-cil libmono-i18n2.0-cil libmono-posix2.0-cil libmono-security2.0-cil libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil libmono-sqlite2.0-cil libmono-system-data2.0-cil libmono-system-web2.0-cil libmono-system2.0-cil libmono0 libmono2.0-cil libmtp8 libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil libndesk-dbus1.0-cil libneon27 libopal3.6.1 libpisock9 libpisync1 libprotobuf3 libpt2.6.1 libpt2.6.1-plugins-alsa libpt2.6.1-plugins-v4l2 libpulsecore9 libsamplerate0 libschroedinger-1.0-0 libsgutils1 libspeexdsp1 libsqlite0 libstlport4.6ldbl libunique-1.0-0 libwmf0.2-7-gtk libwps-0.1-1 lp-solve mesa-utils metacity mono-2.0-gac mono-2.0-runtime mono-common mono-gac mono-jit mono-runtime mousetweaks mtools nautilus nautilus-data nautilus-sendto nautilus-share notify-osd openoffice.org-base-core openoffice.org-calc openoffice.org-common openoffice.org-core openoffice.org-draw openoffice.org-emailmerge openoffice.org-gnome openoffice.org-gtk openoffice.org-impress openoffice.org-math openoffice.org-style-human openoffice.org-writer pidgin-libnotify pkg-config pulseaudio pulseaudio-esound-compat pulseaudio-module-gconf pulseaudio-module-hal pulseaudio-module-x11 python-fstab python-gmenu python-gtksourceview2 python-uno rdesktop rhythmbox screen-resolution-extra sg3-utils syslinux tangerine-icon-theme tomboy tsclient ubuntu-artwork ubuntu-desktop ubuntu-docs ubuntu-gdm-themes ubuntu-sounds ubuntu-system-service ubuntu-wallpapers uno-libs3 ure usb-creator usplash-theme-ubuntu vino whois xdg-user-dirs-gtk
- Instalar Kde:
  >> sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop
- Desinstalar Kde:
  >> sudo apt-get remove akregator amarok amarok-common apport-qt ark brltty cdrdao compiz-wrapper dolphin dontzap dragonplayer exiv2 foomatic-db-gutenprint gdebi-kde gnupg-agent gtk2-engines-qtcurve gwenview hpijs-ppds ijsgutenprint install-package jockey-kde k3b k3b-data kaddressbook kamera kate kde-icons-oxygen kde-printer-applet kde-style-qtcurve kde-window-manager kde-zeroconf kdebase-bin kdebase-data kdebase-plasma kdebase-runtime kdebase-runtime-bin-kde4 kdebase-runtime-data kdebase-runtime-data-common kdebase-workspace-bin kdebase-workspace-data kdebase-workspace-libs4+5 kdebluetooth kdegraphics-strigi-plugins kdelibs-bin kdelibs-data kdelibs4c2a kdelibs5 kdelibs5-data kdemultimedia-kio-plugins kdepasswd kdepim-kresources kdepim-strigi-plugins kdepim-wizards kdepimlibs-data kdepimlibs5 kdeplasma-addons kdeplasma-addons-data kdesudo kdm kfind khelpcenter4 klipper kmag kmail kmix kmousetool knotes konqueror konqueror-nsplugins konqueror-plugin-searchbar konsole kontact kopete korganizer kpackagekit krdc krfb ksnapshot ksysguard ksysguardd ksystemlog ktimetracker ktorrent ktorrent-data kubuntu-artwork-usplash kubuntu-default-settings kubuntu-desktop kubuntu-docs kubuntu-konqueror-shortcuts kuser kvkbd kwalletmanager language-selector-qt libakonadiprivate1 libao2 libaudio2 libavahi-qt3-1 libboost-program-options1.35.0 libclucene0ldbl libcolamd-3.2.0 libdbus-qt-1-1c2 libeet1 libexiv2-5 libflac++6 libgeoip1 libgif4 libgpod4-nogtk libhyphen0 libicu38 libk3b3 libk3b3-extracodecs libkcddb4 libkdecorations4 libkdepim4 libkexiv2-7 libkholidays4 libkipi6 libkleo4 libkonq5 libkonq5-templates libkpgp4 libksieve4 libkwineffects1 liblua50 liblualib50 libmimelib4 libmodplug0c2 libmsn0.1 libmtp8 libmysqlclient15off libneon27 libokularcore1 libpackagekit-glib11 libpackagekit-qt11 libphonon4 libplasma3 libpoppler-qt4-3 libpq5 libqca2 libqca2-plugin-ossl libqedje0 libqimageblitz4 libqt3-mt libqt4-assistant libqt4-core libqt4-dbus libqt4-designer libqt4-help libqt4-network libqt4-opengl libqt4-qt3support libqt4-script libqt4-sql libqt4-sql-mysql libqt4-sql-sqlite libqt4-svg libqt4-test libqt4-webkit libqt4-xml libqt4-xmlpatterns libqtcore4 libqtgui4 libqzion0 libraptor1 librasqal1 librdf0 libsamplerate0 libsearchclient0 libsoprano4 libstlport4.6ldbl libstreamanalyzer0 libstreams0 libstrigihtmlgui0 libstrigiqtdbusclient0 libvncserver0 libwps-0.1-1 libxcb-shape0 libxcb-shm0 libxcb-xv0 libxine1 libxine1-bin libxine1-console libxine1-misc-plugins libxine1-x libzip1 lp-solve mesa-utils mysql-common okular okular-extra-backends openoffice.org-base-core openoffice.org-calc openoffice.org-common openoffice.org-core openoffice.org-draw openoffice.org-emailmerge openoffice.org-impress openoffice.org-kde openoffice.org-math openoffice.org-style-crystal openoffice.org-style-human openoffice.org-writer oxygen-cursor-theme packagekit packagekit-backend-apt phonon phonon-backend-xine pinentry-gtk2 pinentry-qt4 plasma-widget-network-manager plasma-widget-quickaccess python-dev python-kde4 python-packagekit python-plasma python-qt4 python-qt4-common python-qt4-dbus python-sip4 python-uno python2.6-dev qt4-qtconfig quassel quassel-data raptor-utils rdesktop redland-utils software-properties-kde soprano-daemon speedcrunch strigi-client strigi-daemon system-config-printer-kde systemsettings uno-libs3 update-manager-kde update-notifier-kde ure
- Instalar Xfce:
  >> sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop
- Desinstalar Xfce:
  >> sudo apt-get remove a2ps abiword abiword-common abiword-help abiword-plugin-grammar abiword-plugin-mathview abiword-plugins app-install-data-commercial aumix catfish cupsys-driver-gutenprint exo-utils fortune-mod fortunes-min gigolo gnumeric gnumeric-common gnumeric-doc gnumeric-gtk gpicview gtk2-engines-xfce imagemagick imagemagick-doc latex-xft-fonts libaiksaurus-1.2-0c2a libaiksaurus-1.2-data libaiksaurusgtk-1.2-0c2a libdiscid0 libexo-0.3-0 libfftw3-3 libgda3-3 libgda3-bin libgda3-common libgdl-1-0 libgdl-1-common libgdome2-0 libgdome2-cpp-smart0c2a libgoffice-0-6 libgoffice-0-6-common libgoffice-gtk-0-6 libgsf-gnome-1-114 libgtkmathview0c2a liblink-grammar4 libloudmouth1-0 libmad0 libmpcdec3 libnotify-bin libofa0 libots0 librecode0 libt1-5 libtagc0 libthunar-vfs-1-2 libtunepimp5 libwv-1.2-3 libxfce4menu-0.1-0 libxfce4util4 libxfcegui4-4 libxfconf-0-2 link-grammar-dictionaries-en listen mousepad mozilla-thunderbird orage oss-compat psutils python-gnome2-extras python-musicbrainz2 python-mutagen python-ogg python-pymad python-pyogg python-pysqlite2 python-pyvorbis python-tunepimp scim-modules-table scim-tables-additional tango-icon-theme tango-icon-theme-common tcl8.4 thunar thunar-archive-plugin thunar-data thunar-media-tags-plugin thunar-thumbnailers thunar-volman thunderbird vim-runtime wdiff xchat xchat-common xfce4-appfinder xfce4-battery-plugin xfce4-clipman-plugin xfce4-cpugraph-plugin xfce4-dict xfce4-dict-plugin xfce4-fsguard-plugin xfce4-governor-plugin xfce4-mailwatch-plugin xfce4-mixer xfce4-mount-plugin xfce4-netload-plugin xfce4-notes-plugin xfce4-panel xfce4-places-plugin xfce4-quicklauncher-plugin xfce4-screenshooter xfce4-session xfce4-settings xfce4-smartbookmark-plugin xfce4-systemload-plugin xfce4-terminal xfce4-utils xfce4-verve-plugin xfce4-weather-plugin xfce4-xkb-plugin xfconf xfdesktop4 xfdesktop4-data xfprint4 xfswitch-plugin xfwm4 xfwm4-themes xubuntu-artwork xubuntu-artwork-usplash xubuntu-default-settings xubuntu-desktop xubuntu-docs
En Ubuntu Intrepid (8.10):
- Instalar Gnome:
  >> sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop
- Desinstalar Gnome:
  >> sudo apt-get remove alacarte binfmt-support brltty brltty-x11 capplets-data cdrdao cli-common compiz compiz-core compiz-fusion-plugins-extra compiz-fusion-plugins-main compiz-gnome compiz-plugins compiz-wrapper compizconfig-backend-gconf contact-lookup-applet dcraw deskbar-applet ekiga eog evolution evolution-common evolution-data-server evolution-data-server-common evolution-exchange evolution-plugins evolution-webcal example-content f-spot fast-user-switch-applet firefox-3.0-gnome-support firefox-gnome-support gconf-editor gdm-guest-session gedit gedit-common gnome-about gnome-applets gnome-applets-data gnome-control-center gnome-desktop-data gnome-menus gnome-netstatus-applet gnome-nettool gnome-panel gnome-panel-data gnome-pilot gnome-pilot-conduits gnome-session gnome-settings-daemon gnome-spell gnome-terminal gnome-terminal-data gnome-themes gnome-user-guide gnome-utils gstreamer0.10-plugins-base-apps gstreamer0.10-pulseaudio gstreamer0.10-schroedinger gstreamer0.10-tools gvfs-bin gvfs-fuse human-icon-theme human-theme hwtest hwtest-gtk libao2 libart2.0-cil libasound2-plugins libcanberra-gnome libcanberra-gtk-module libcanberra-gtk0 libcanberra0 libcompizconfig0 libdecoration0 libdeskbar-tracker libdirectfb-1.0-0 libebackend1.2-0 libedata-book1.2-2 libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserverui1.2-8 libeel2-2 libeel2-data libegroupwise1.2-13 libexchange-storage1.2-3 libexempi3 libflickrnet2.1.5-cil libgconf2.0-cil libgdata-google1.2-1 libgdata1.2-1 libgdiplus libgif4 libglade2.0-cil libglib2.0-cil libglitz-glx1 libglitz1 libgmime-2.0-2a libgmime2.2-cil libgnome-keyring1.0-cil libgnome-pilot2 libgnome-vfs2.0-cil libgnome-window-settings1 libgnome2.0-cil libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod-common libgpod3 libgtk2.0-cil libgtkhtml-editor-common libgtkhtml-editor0 libgtkhtml3.14-19 libhyphen0 libicu38 liblpint-bonobo0 libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil libmono-addins0.2-cil libmono-cairo1.0-cil libmono-cairo2.0-cil libmono-corlib1.0-cil libmono-corlib2.0-cil libmono-data-tds1.0-cil libmono-data-tds2.0-cil libmono-i18n1.0-cil libmono-i18n2.0-cil libmono-security1.0-cil libmono-security2.0-cil libmono-sharpzip0.84-cil libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil libmono-sqlite2.0-cil libmono-system-data1.0-cil libmono-system-data2.0-cil libmono-system-web1.0-cil libmono-system-web2.0-cil libmono-system1.0-cil libmono-system2.0-cil libmono0 libmono1.0-cil libmono2.0-cil libmtp8 libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil libndesk-dbus1.0-cil libneon27 libopal-2.2 libpisock9 libpisync1 libpt-1.10.10 libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l2 libpulsecore5 libsamplerate0 libschroedinger-1.0-0 libsdl1.2debian libsdl1.2debian-alsa libsgutils1 libspeexdsp1 libsqlite0 libtracker-gtk0 libts-0.0-0 libwps-0.1-1 libx11-xcb1 mesa-utils metacity mono-common mono-gac mono-jit mono-runtime mousetweaks mtools nautilus nautilus-cd-burner nautilus-data nautilus-sendto nautilus-share openoffice.org-base-core openoffice.org-calc openoffice.org-common openoffice.org-core openoffice.org-draw openoffice.org-emailmerge openoffice.org-gnome openoffice.org-gtk openoffice.org-impress openoffice.org-math openoffice.org-style-human openoffice.org-writer pkg-config pulseaudio pulseaudio-esound-compat pulseaudio-module-gconf pulseaudio-module-hal pulseaudio-module-x11 python-beagle python-gmenu python-gtksourceview2 python-uno rarian-compat rdesktop rhythmbox screen-resolution-extra sg3-utils sqlite sqlite3 syslinux tangerine-icon-theme tomboy tracker tracker-search-tool tracker-utils tsclient ubuntu-artwork ubuntu-desktop ubuntu-docs ubuntu-gdm-themes ubuntu-system-service ubuntu-wallpapers untex usb-creator usplash-theme-ubuntu vino whois wv xdg-user-dirs xdg-user-dirs-gtk xulrunner-1.9-gnome-support
- Instalar Kde:
  >> sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop
- Desinstalar Kde:
  >> sudo apt-get remove adept akregator amarok amarok-common amarok-engine-xine apport-qt ark brltty cdrdao compiz-wrapper dolphin dragonplayer exiv2 foomatic-db-gutenprint gdebi-kde gnupg-agent gtk-qt-engine guidance-power-manager gwenview hpijs-ppds hplip-gui ijsgutenprint install-package jockey-kde k3b k3b-data kaddressbook kamera kate kde-icons-oxygen kde-printer-applet kde-window-manager kde-zeroconf kdebase-bin kdebase-data kdebase-plasma kdebase-runtime kdebase-runtime-bin-kde4 kdebase-runtime-data kdebase-runtime-data-common kdebase-workspace-bin kdebase-workspace-data kdebase-workspace-libs4+5 kdebluetooth kdegraphics-strigi-plugins kdelibs-bin kdelibs-data kdelibs4c2a kdelibs5 kdelibs5-data kdemultimedia-kio-plugins kdepasswd kdepim-kresources kdepim-strigi-plugins kdepim-wizards kdepimlibs-data kdepimlibs5 kdeplasma-addons kdeplasma-addons-data kdeplasma-addons-libs4 kdesudo kdm kfind kgrubeditor khelpcenter4 klipper kmag kmail kmix kmousetool knotes konqueror konqueror-nsplugins konqueror-plugin-searchbar konsole kontact konversation kopete korganizer krdc krfb ksnapshot ksysguard ksysguardd ksystemlog ktimetracker ktorrent kubuntu-artwork-usplash kubuntu-default-settings kubuntu-desktop kubuntu-docs kubuntu-konqueror-shortcuts kuser kvkbd kwalletmanager language-selector-qt libakonadiprivate1 libao2 libarts1c2a libartsc0 libaudio2 libavahi-qt3-1 libcapseo0 libcaptury0 libclucene0ldbl libdbus-1-qt3 libdbus-qt-1-1c2 libdirectfb-1.0-0 libexiv2-4 libflac++6 libgeoip1 libgif4 libgpod-common libgpod3-nogtk libhyphen0 libicu38 libifp4 libk3b3 libkcddb4 libkdecorations4 libkdepim4 libkholidays4 libkipi-common libkipi5 libkleo4 libkonq5 libkonq5-templates libkpgp4 libksieve4 libkwineffects1 liblua50 liblualib50 libmimelib4 libmodplug0c2 libmtp8 libmysqlclient15off libneon27 libnjb5 libokularcore1 libphonon4 libplasma2 libpoppler-qt4-3 libpq5 libqca2 libqca2-plugin-ossl libqimageblitz4 libqt3-mt libqt4-assistant libqt4-core libqt4-dbus libqt4-designer libqt4-help libqt4-network libqt4-opengl libqt4-qt3support libqt4-script libqt4-sql libqt4-sql-mysql libqt4-svg libqt4-test libqt4-webkit libqt4-xml libqt4-xmlpatterns libqtcore4 libqtgui4 libraptor1 librasqal0 librdf0 libruby1.8 libsamplerate0 libsdl1.2debian libsdl1.2debian-alsa libsearchclient0 libsgutils1 libsoprano4 libstreamanalyzer0 libstreams0 libstrigihtmlgui0 libstrigiqtdbusclient0 libts-0.0-0 libvncserver0 libwps-0.1-1 libxcb-shape0 libxcb-shm0 libxcb-xv0 libxine1 libxine1-bin libxine1-console libxine1-misc-plugins libxine1-x libxvmc1 libzip1 mediamanager mesa-utils mysql-common network-manager-kde okular okular-extra-backends openoffice.org-base-core openoffice.org-calc openoffice.org-common openoffice.org-core openoffice.org-draw openoffice.org-emailmerge openoffice.org-impress openoffice.org-kde openoffice.org-math openoffice.org-style-crystal openoffice.org-style-human openoffice.org-writer oxygen-cursor-theme phonon phonon-backend-gstreamer phonon-backend-xine pinentry-gtk2 pinentry-qt4 plasmoid-quickaccess python-kde4 python-qt3 python-qt4 python-qt4-common python-qt4-dbus python-reportlab python-sip4 python-uno qt4-qtconfig raptor-utils rdesktop redland-utils ruby ruby1.8 sg3-utils software-properties-kde soprano-daemon speedcrunch strigi-client strigi-daemon system-config-printer-kde systemsettings ttf-dustin update-manager-kde update-notifier-kde xdg-user-dirs
- Instalar Xfce:
  >> sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop
- Desinstalar Xfce:
  >> sudo apt-get remove a2ps abiword abiword-common abiword-help abiword-plugin-grammar abiword-plugin-mathview abiword-plugins aumix catfish cupsys-driver-gutenprint exo-utils gnumeric gnumeric-common gnumeric-gtk gpicview gtk2-engines-xfce imagemagick latex-xft-fonts libaiksaurus-1.2-0c2a libaiksaurus-1.2-data libaiksaurusgtk-1.2-0c2a libdiscid0 libexo-0.3-0 libfftw3-3 libgda3-3 libgda3-bin libgda3-common libgdl-1-0 libgdl-1-common libgdome2-0 libgdome2-cpp-smart0c2a libgoffice-0-6 libgoffice-0-6-common libgoffice-gtk-0-6 libgsf-gnome-1-114 libgtkmathview0c2a liblink-grammar4 libloudmouth1-0 libmad0 libmpcdec3 libnotify-bin libofa0 libots0 libt1-5 libtagc0 libthunar-vfs-1-2 libtunepimp5 libxfce4mcs-client3 libxfce4mcs-manager3 libxfce4util4 libxfcegui4-4 link-grammar-dictionaries-en listen mousepad mozilla-thunderbird orage psutils python-ctypes python-gnome2-extras python-musicbrainz2 python-mutagen python-ogg python-pymad python-pyogg python-pysqlite2 python-pyvorbis python-tunepimp scim-modules-table scim-tables-additional slocate tango-icon-theme tango-icon-theme-common tcl8.4 thunar thunar-archive-plugin thunar-data thunar-media-tags-plugin thunar-thumbnailers thunar-volman thunderbird vim-runtime wdiff xchat xchat-common xfce4-appfinder xfce4-battery-plugin xfce4-clipman-plugin xfce4-cpugraph-plugin xfce4-dict xfce4-fsguard-plugin xfce4-governor-plugin xfce4-icon-theme xfce4-mailwatch-plugin xfce4-mcs-manager xfce4-mcs-plugins xfce4-mcs-plugins-extra xfce4-mixer xfce4-mixer-alsa xfce4-mount-plugin xfce4-netload-plugin xfce4-notes-plugin xfce4-panel xfce4-places-plugin xfce4-quicklauncher-plugin xfce4-screenshooter-plugin xfce4-session xfce4-smartbookmark-plugin xfce4-systemload-plugin xfce4-terminal xfce4-utils xfce4-verve-plugin xfce4-weather-plugin xfce4-xkb-plugin xfdesktop4 xfdesktop4-data xfprint4 xfwm4 xfwm4-themes xubuntu-artwork-usplash xubuntu-default-settings xubuntu-desktop xubuntu-docs

En Ubuntu Hardy (8.04):
- Instalar Gnome:
  >> sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop
- Desinstalar Gnome:
  >> sudo apt-get remove alacarte bluez-gnome brltty brltty-x11 bug-buddy capplets-data cdrdao cli-common compiz compiz-core compiz-fusion-plugins-extra compiz-fusion-plugins-main compiz-gnome compiz-plugins compizconfig-backend-gconf contact-lookup-applet dcraw deskbar-applet diveintopython ekiga eog espeak evince evolution evolution-common evolution-data-server evolution-data-server-common evolution-exchange evolution-plugins evolution-webcal example-content f-spot fast-user-switch-applet firefox-3.0-gnome-support firefox-gnome-support gconf-editor gedit gedit-common gimp-gnomevfs gimp-python gnome-about gnome-applets gnome-applets-data gnome-control-center gnome-desktop-data gnome-doc-utils gnome-media gnome-menus gnome-netstatus-applet gnome-nettool gnome-panel gnome-panel-data gnome-pilot gnome-pilot-conduits gnome-session gnome-settings-daemon gnome-spell gnome-terminal gnome-terminal-data gnome-themes gnome-user-guide gnome-utils gnome-volume-manager gstreamer0.10-plugins-base-apps gstreamer0.10-pulseaudio gstreamer0.10-tools gtkhtml3.14 gvfs gvfs-backends gvfs-fuse hwtest hwtest-gtk launchpad-integration libalut0 libao2 libarchive1 libart2.0-cil libcdio-cdda0 libcdio-paranoia0 libcompizconfig0 libcurl3 libdecoration0 libdeskbar-tracker libdirectfb-1.0-0 libedata-book1.2-2 libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserverui1.2-8 libeel2-2 libeel2-data libegroupwise1.2-13 libexchange-storage1.2-3 libexempi3 libflickrnet2.1.5-cil libgconf2.0-cil libgdata-google1.2-1 libgdata1.2-1 libglade2.0-cil libglew1.5 libglib2.0-cil libgmime-2.0-2 libgmime2.2-cil libgnome-pilot2 libgnome-vfs2.0-cil libgnome-window-settings1 libgnome2.0-cil libgnomevfs2-bin libgnomevfs2-extra libgpgme11 libgpod-common libgpod3 libgtk2.0-cil libgtkhtml3.14-19 libgtkhtml3.16-cil libgtksourceview2.0-0 libgtksourceview2.0-common libgvfscommon0 libgweather-common libgweather1 libicu38 liblpint-bonobo0 libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil libmono-addins0.2-cil libmono-cairo1.0-cil libmono-corlib1.0-cil libmono-corlib2.0-cil libmono-data-tds1.0-cil libmono-data-tds2.0-cil libmono-security1.0-cil libmono-security2.0-cil libmono-sharpzip0.84-cil libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil libmono-sqlite2.0-cil libmono-system-data1.0-cil libmono-system-data2.0-cil libmono-system-web1.0-cil libmono-system-web2.0-cil libmono-system1.0-cil libmono-system2.0-cil libmono0 libmono1.0-cil libmono2.0-cil libmtp7 libmusicbrainz4c2a libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil libndesk-dbus1.0-cil libneon27 libopal-2.2 libopenal0a libopenobex1 libpam-gnome-keyring libpisock9 libpisync1 libpt-1.10.10 libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l2 libpth20 libpulsecore5 librarian0 libsamplerate0 libsdl1.2debian libsdl1.2debian-alsa libsgutils1 libsmbclient libsoup2.4-1 libsqlite0 libtracker-gtk0 libvorbisfile3 libwpg-0.1-1 libwps-0.1-1 libx11-xcb1 libxml2-utils mesa-utils metacity mono-common mono-gac mono-jit mono-runtime mousetweaks nautilus nautilus-cd-burner nautilus-data nautilus-sendto nautilus-share o3read obex-data-server openoffice.org-base-core openoffice.org-calc openoffice.org-common openoffice.org-core openoffice.org-draw openoffice.org-gnome openoffice.org-gtk openoffice.org-impress openoffice.org-style-human openoffice.org-writer pkg-config pulseaudio pulseaudio-esound-compat pulseaudio-module-gconf pulseaudio-module-hal pulseaudio-module-x11 python-gmenu python-gtksourceview2 python-uno rdesktop rhythmbox rss-glx scim-bridge-agent scim-bridge-client-gtk seahorse sound-juicer sqlite sqlite3 ssh-askpass-gnome tangerine-icon-theme tomboy totem-mozilla tracker tracker-search-tool tsclient ttf-opensymbol ubuntu-desktop ubuntu-docs ubuntu-sounds usplash-theme-ubuntu vino whois xdg-user-dirs xdg-user-dirs-gtk xsane xsane-common xsltproc xulrunner-1.9-gnome-support yelp
- Instalar Kde:
  >> sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop
- Desinstalar Kde:
  >> sudo apt-get remove adept adept-batch adept-common adept-installer adept-manager adept-notifier adept-updater akregator amarok amarok-xine apport-qt ark arts brltty cdrdao cryptsetup debtags desktop-effects-kde digikam dolphin enscript foomatic-db-gutenprint gdebi-kde gnupg-agent gpgsm gtk-qt-engine gwenview hpijs-ppds hplip-gui ijsgutenprint jockey-kde k3b kaddressbook kaffeine kamera karm katapult kate kbstate kcontrol kcron kde-guidance kde-guidance-powermanager kde-icons-mono kde-style-qtcurve kde-systemsettings kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdebase-bin kdebase-bin-kde3 kdebase-data kdebase-kio-plugins kdebluetooth kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelibs-data kdelibs4c2a kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdemultimedia-kio-plugins kdenetwork-filesharing kdenetwork-kfile-plugins kdepasswd kdepim-kio-plugins kdepim-kresources kdepim-wizards kdeprint kdesktop kdesudo kdm kdnssd keep kfind kghostview khelpcenter kicker kio-apt kio-locate kio-umountwrapper kipi-plugins klipper kmag kmail kmailcvt kmenuedit kmilo kmix kmousetool kmplayer-base kmplayer-konq-plugins knetworkconf knotes konq-plugins konqueror konqueror-nsplugins konsole kontact konversation kooka kopete korganizer kpdf kpf kppp krdc krfb kscreensaver ksmserver ksnapshot ksvg ksysguard ksysguardd ksystemlog ktorrent kubuntu-artwork-usplash kubuntu-default-settings kubuntu-desktop kubuntu-docs kubuntu-konqueror-shortcuts kvkbd kwalletmanager kwin kwin-style-crystal language-selector-qt launchpad-integration libakode2 libao2 libarts1-akode libarts1c2a libartsc0 libaudio2 libavahi-qt3-1 libclucene0ldbl libcurl3 libdbus-qt-1-1c2 libdirectfb-1.0-0 libept0 libexiv2-2 libfftw3-3 libflac++6 libgmp3c2 libgpgme11 libgpod-common libgpod3-nogtk libicu38 libifp4 libijs-0.35 libjpeg-progs libk3b2 libkbluetooth0 libkcal2b libkcddb1 libkdcraw3 libkdepim1a libkexiv2-3 libkipi0 libkleopatra1 libkmime2 libkonq4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libksba8 libkscan1 libksieve0 libktnef1 liblua50 liblualib50 libmimelib1c2a libmodplug0c2 libmpcdec3 libmtp7 libmusicbrainz4c2a libmysqlclient15off libneon27 libnjb5 libofa0 libopenobex1 libpoppler-qt2 libpq5 libpth20 libpythonize0 libqt-perl libqt3-mt libqt4-core libqt4-gui librsync1 libruby1.8 libsamplerate0 libsdl1.2debian libsdl1.2debian-alsa libsearchclient0 libsgutils1 libskim0 libsmbclient libsmokeqt1 libstreamanalyzer0 libstreams0 libstrigihtmlgui0 libtunepimp5 libvorbisfile3 libwpg-0.1-1 libwps-0.1-1 libxapian15 libxcb-shape0 libxcb-shm0 libxcb-xv0 libxine1 libxine1-bin libxine1-console libxine1-misc-plugins libxine1-x libxvmc1 mysql-common network-manager-kde networkstatus openoffice.org-base-core openoffice.org-calc openoffice.org-common openoffice.org-core openoffice.org-draw openoffice.org-impress openoffice.org-kde openoffice.org-style-crystal openoffice.org-style-human openoffice.org-writer perl-suid pinentry-qt poster pykdeextensions python-dev python-kde3 python-qt3 python-qt4 python-qt4-common python-qt4-dbus python-reportlab python-sip4 python-uno python2.5-dev qca-tls rdesktop rdiff-backup ruby ruby1.8 scim-bridge-agent scim-bridge-client-qt scim-qtimm skim software-properties-kde speedcrunch strigi-applet strigi-daemon system-config-printer-kde ttf-arphic-ukai ttf-opensymbol vorbis-tools xdg-user-dirs
- Instalar Xcfe:
  >> sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop
- Desinstalar Xfce:
  >> sudo apt-get remove a2ps abiword abiword-common abiword-plugins gnumeric-common gnumeric-gtk gtk2-engines-xfce imagemagick libaiksaurus-1.2-0c2a libaiksaurus-1.2-data libaiksaurusgtk-1.2-0c2a libexo-0.3-0 libgdome2-0 libgdome2-cpp-smart0c2a libglib2.0-data libgoffice-0-6 libgoffice-0-6-common libgsf-gnome-1-114 libgtkmathview0c2a liblink-grammar4 libots0 libt1-5 libtagc0 libthunar-vfs-1-2 libwpd-stream8c2a libxfce4mcs-client3 libxfce4mcs-manager3 libxfce4util4 libxfcegui4-4 link-grammar-dictionaries-en mousepad mozilla-thunderbird orage psutils python-exo ristretto tango-icon-theme tango-icon-theme-common thunar thunar-archive-plugin thunar-data thunar-media-tags-plugin thunar-thumbnailers thunar-volman thunderbird vim-runtime xfce4-appfinder xfce4-battery-plugin xfce4-clipman-plugin xfce4-cpugraph-plugin xfce4-dict-plugin xfce4-fsguard-plugin xfce4-governor-plugin xfce4-icon-theme xfce4-mailwatch-plugin xfce4-mcs-manager xfce4-mcs-plugins xfce4-mcs-plugins-extra xfce4-mixer xfce4-mixer-alsa xfce4-mount-plugin xfce4-netload-plugin xfce4-notes-plugin xfce4-panel xfce4-places-plugin xfce4-quicklauncher-plugin xfce4-screenshooter-plugin xfce4-session xfce4-smartbookmark-plugin xfce4-systemload-plugin xfce4-terminal xfce4-utils xfce4-verve-plugin xfce4-weather-plugin xfce4-xkb-plugin xfdesktop4 xfdesktop4-data xfprint4 xfwm4 xfwm4-themes xubuntu-artwork-usplash xubuntu-default-settings xubuntu-desktop xubuntu-docs
En Ubuntu Gutsy (7.10):
- Instalar Gnome:
  >> sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop
- Desinstalar Gnome:
  >> sudo apt-get remove alacarte aspell bittorrent bluez-cups bluez-gnome bluez-utils bogofilter bogofilter-bdb bogofilter-common brltty brltty-x11 bsh bug-buddy capplets-data cdrdao cli-common compiz compiz-core compiz-fusion-plugins-extra compiz-fusion-plugins-main compiz-gnome compiz-plugins consolekit contact-lookup-applet dcraw deskbar-applet dictionaries-common diveintopython ekiga eog espeak evince evolution evolution-common evolution-data-server evolution-data-server-common evolution-exchange evolution-plugins evolution-webcal f-spot fast-user-switch-applet firefox-gnome-support fping gcj-4.2-base gconf-editor gedit gedit-common gij gij-4.2 gimp-python gnome-about gnome-applets gnome-applets-data gnome-btdownload gnome-control-center gnome-desktop-data gnome-doc-utils gnome-keyring-manager gnome-media gnome-menus gnome-netstatus-applet gnome-nettool gnome-panel gnome-panel-data gnome-pilot gnome-pilot-conduits gnome-power-manager gnome-session gnome-spell gnome-terminal gnome-terminal-data gnome-user-guide gnome-utils gnome-volume-manager gstreamer0.10-alsa gstreamer0.10-esd gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs gstreamer0.10-plugins-base gstreamer0.10-plugins-base-apps gstreamer0.10-plugins-good gstreamer0.10-tools gstreamer0.10-x gthumb gtkhtml3.14 hal-device-manager hwdb-client-common hwdb-client-gnome libalut0 libao2 libart2.0-cil libavc1394-0 libbeagle0 libbluetooth2 libcaca0 libcamel1.2-10 libcdio6 libcompizconfig-backend-gconf libcompizconfig0 libcucul0 libdecoration0 libdeskbar-tracker libdv4 libebook1.2-9 libecal1.2-7 libedata-book1.2-2 libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9 libedataserverui1.2-8 libeel2-2 libeel2-data libegroupwise1.2-13 libexchange-storage1.2-3 libgcj-bc libgcj-common libgcj8-1 libgconf2.0-cil libgda3-3 libgda3-common libgdl-1-0 libgdl-1-common libgdl-gnome-1-0 libgksu1.2-1 libgksuui1.0-1 libgl1-mesa-dri libglade2.0-cil libglew1.4 libglib2.0-cil libgmime-2.0-2 libgmime2.2-cil libgnome-pilot2 libgnome-vfs2.0-cil libgnome-window-settings1 libgnome2.0-cil libgnomevfs2-bin libgnomevfs2-extra libgpod2 libgsl0 libgtk2.0-cil libgtkhtml2.0-cil libgtkhtml3.14-19 libgtkhtml3.8-15 libgtksourceview2.0-0 libgtksourceview2.0-common libhsqldb-java libicu36 libiec61883-0 libjaxp1.3-java libjline-java liblpint-bonobo0 libmono-cairo1.0-cil libmono-corlib1.0-cil libmono-corlib2.0-cil libmono-data-tds2.0-cil libmono-security2.0-cil libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil libmono-sqlite2.0-cil libmono-system-data2.0-cil libmono-system-web2.0-cil libmono-system1.0-cil libmono-system2.0-cil libmono0 libmono2.0-cil libmtp6 libmusicbrainz4c2a libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil libndesk-dbus1.0-cil libneon26 liboil0.3 libopal-2.2 libopenal0a libpam-gnome-keyring libpisock9 libpisync0 libpt-1.10.0 libpt-plugins-alsa libpt-plugins-v4l libpt-plugins-v4l2 librarian0 libraw1394-8 librsvg2.0-cil libservlet2.4-java libshout3 libsndfile1 libsoup2.2-8 libsvg1 libtracker-gtk0 libtrackerclient0 libvisual-0.4-0 libvorbisenc2 libvorbisfile3 libwavpack1 libwpg-0.1-1 libwps-0.1-1 libxalan2-java libxerces2-java libxml2-utils mono-common mono-gac mono-jit mono-runtime nautilus nautilus-cd-burner nautilus-data nautilus-sendto o3read openoffice.org openoffice.org-base openoffice.org-calc openoffice.org-common openoffice.org-core openoffice.org-draw openoffice.org-evolution openoffice.org-gnome openoffice.org-gtk openoffice.org-hyphenation openoffice.org-impress openoffice.org-java-common openoffice.org-math openoffice.org-style-human openoffice.org-writer pkg-config python-bittorrent python-gmenu python-gnome2-extras python-pygtksourceview python-uno rdesktop rhythmbox rss-glx serpentine sound-juicer ssh-askpass-gnome tangerine-icon-theme tomboy totem-mozilla tracker tracker-search-tool tsclient ttf-opensymbol ubuntu-desktop ubuntu-docs ubuntu-sounds usplash-theme-ubuntu vino whois xdg-user-dirs xdg-user-dirs-gtk xsane xsane-common xsltproc yelp
- Instalar Kde:
  >> sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop
- Desinstalar Kde:
  >> sudo apt-get remove adept adept-batch adept-common adept-installer adept-manager adept-notifier adept-updater akregator amarok amarok-xine apport-qt ark arts bluez-cups bluez-utils bogofilter bogofilter-bdb bogofilter-common brltty bsh cdrdao debtags dictionaries-common digikam dolphin enscript fftw3 foomatic-db-gutenprint fping gcj-4.2-base gdebi-kde gij gij-4.2 gnupg-agent gpgsm gtk-qt-engine gwenview hplip-gui hwdb-client-common hwdb-client-kde ijsgutenprint k3b kaddressbook kaffeine kaffeine-xine kamera karm katapult kate kbstate kcontrol kcron kde-guidance kde-guidance-powermanager kde-icons-mono kde-style-polyester kde-systemsettings kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdebase-bin kdebase-data kdebase-kio-plugins kdebluetooth kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelibs-data kdelibs4c2a kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdemultimedia-kio-plugins kdenetwork-filesharing kdenetwork-kfile-plugins kdepasswd kdepim-kio-plugins kdepim-kresources kdepim-wizards kdeprint kdesktop kdesudo kdm kdnssd keep kfind kghostview khelpcenter kicker kio-apt kio-locate kio-umountwrapper kipi-plugins klipper kmag kmail kmailcvt kmenuedit kmilo kmix kmousetool kmplayer-base kmplayer-konq-plugins knetworkconf knotes konq-plugins konqueror konqueror-nsplugins konsole kontact konversation kooka kopete korganizer kpdf kpf kppp krdc krfb kscreensaver ksmserver ksnapshot ksplash ksplash-engine-moodin ksvg ksysguard ksysguardd ksystemlog ktorrent kubuntu-artwork-usplash kubuntu-default-settings kubuntu-desktop kubuntu-docs kubuntu-konqueror-shortcuts kvkbd kwalletmanager kwin kwin-style-crystal language-selector-qt libakode2 libao2 libarts1-akode libarts1c2a libartsc0 libaudio2 libavahi-qt3-1 libbluetooth2 libclucene0 libcluceneindex0 libdbus-qt-1-1c2 libept0 libexiv2-0 libflac++6 libgcj-bc libgcj-common libgcj8-1 libgl1-mesa-dri libgmp3c2 libgpgme11 libgpod2 libgsl0 libicu36 libid3tag0 libifp4 libijs-0.35 libimlib2 libjaxp1.3-java libjline-java libk3b2 libkbluetooth0 libkcal2b libkcddb1 libkdcraw1 libkdepim1a libkexiv2-1 libkipi0 libkleopatra1 libkmime2 libkonq4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libksba8 libkscan1 libksieve0 libktnef1 liblua50 liblualib50 libmimelib1c2a libmtp6 libmusicbrainz4c2a libmysqlclient15off libneon26 libnjb5 libofa0 libopenexr2c2a libopenobex1 libpoppler-qt2 libpq5 libpth20 libpythonize0 libqt-perl libqt3-mt libqt4-core libqt4-gui libraw1394-8 librsync1 libruby1.8 libsamplerate0 libsearchclient0 libskim0 libsmokeqt1 libsndfile1 libstreamanalyzer0 libstreams0 libstrigihtmlgui0 libsvg1 libtunepimp5 libungif4g libvisual-0.4-0 libvorbisenc2 libvorbisfile3 libwpg-0.1-1 libwps-0.1-1 libxalan2-java libxapian15 libxerces2-java mysql-common network-manager-kde networkstatus openoffice.org-calc openoffice.org-common openoffice.org-core openoffice.org-draw openoffice.org-hyphenation openoffice.org-impress openoffice.org-java-common openoffice.org-kde openoffice.org-math openoffice.org-style-crystal openoffice.org-style-human openoffice.org-writer perl-suid pinentry-qt poster psutils pykdeextensions python-kde3 python-qt3 python-qt4 python-qt4-dbus python-sip4 python-uno python2.5-dev qca-tls rdesktop rdiff-backup restricted-manager-kde ruby ruby1.8 scim-qtimm skim software-properties-kde speedcrunch strigi-applet strigi-daemon ttf-arphic-ukai ttf-opensymbol vorbis-tools
- Instalar Xfce:
  >> sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop
- Desinstalar Xfce:
  >> sudo apt-get remove abiword abiword-common abiword-plugins brasero dbus-x11 gnumeric-common gnumeric-gtk gqview gtk2-engines-murrine gtk2-engines-xfce libaiksaurus-1.2-0c2a libaiksaurus-1.2-data libaiksaurusgtk-1.2-0c2a libexo-0.3-0 libgdome2-0 libgdome2-cpp-smart0c2a libglib2.0-data libgoffice-0-common libgoffice-gtk-0-4 libgsf-gnome-1-114 libgtkmathview0c2a libjpeg-progs liblink-grammar4 libmodplug0c2 libmpcdec3 libots0 libpulse0 libt1-5 libtagc0 libthunar-vfs-1-2 libwpd-stream8c2a libxcb-shape0 libxcb-shm0 libxcb-xv0 libxcb1 libxfce4mcs-client3 libxfce4mcs-manager3 libxfce4util4 libxfcegui4-4 libxine1 libxvmc1 link-grammar-dictionaries-en mousepad mozilla-thunderbird orage python-exo tango-icon-theme tango-icon-theme-common thunar thunar-archive-plugin thunar-data thunar-media-tags-plugin thunar-volman thunderbird totem-xine vim-runtime xfce4-appfinder xfce4-battery-plugin xfce4-clipman-plugin xfce4-cpugraph-plugin xfce4-dict-plugin xfce4-fsguard-plugin xfce4-icon-theme xfce4-mailwatch-plugin xfce4-mcs-manager xfce4-mcs-plugins xfce4-mixer xfce4-mixer-alsa xfce4-mount-plugin xfce4-netload-plugin xfce4-notes-plugin xfce4-panel xfce4-places-plugin xfce4-quicklauncher-plugin xfce4-screenshooter-plugin xfce4-session xfce4-smartbookmark-plugin xfce4-systemload-plugin xfce4-terminal xfce4-utils xfce4-verve-plugin xfce4-weather-plugin xfce4-xkb-plugin xfdesktop4 xfdesktop4-data xfprint4 xfwm4 xfwm4-themes xubuntu-artwork-usplash xubuntu-default-settings xubuntu-desktop xubuntu-docs
En Ubuntu Feisty (7.4):
- Instalar Gnome:
  >> sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop
- Desinstalar Gnome:
  >> sudo apt-get remove alacarte aspell binfmt-support bittorrent bluez-cups bluez-pin bluez-utils brltty brltty-x11 bsh bug-buddy ca-certificates capplets-data cli-common compiz compiz-core compiz-gnome compiz-gtk compiz-plugins contact-lookup-applet dcraw deskbar-applet desktop-effects dhcdbd diveintopython ekiga eog esound espeak evince evolution evolution-common evolution-data-server evolution-data-server-common evolution-exchange evolution-plugins evolution-webcal f-spot file-roller firefox-gnome-support fping gcalctool gcj-4.1-base gconf-editor gedit gedit-common gij gij-4.1 gimp-python gnome-about gnome-applets gnome-applets-data gnome-btdownload gnome-cards-data gnome-control-center gnome-cups-manager gnome-desktop-data gnome-doc-utils gnome-games gnome-games-data gnome-keyring-manager gnome-media gnome-media-common gnome-menus gnome-netstatus-applet gnome-nettool gnome-panel gnome-panel-data gnome-pilot gnome-pilot-conduits gnome-power-manager gnome-screensaver gnome-session gnome-spell gnome-system-monitor gnome-system-tools gnome-terminal gnome-terminal-data gnome-themes gnome-user-guide gnome-utils gnome-volume-manager gstreamer0.10-alsa gstreamer0.10-esd gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs gstreamer0.10-plugins-base gstreamer0.10-plugins-base-apps gstreamer0.10-plugins-good gstreamer0.10-tools gstreamer0.10-x gthumb gtkhtml3.14 gucharmap guile-1.6-libs hal-device-manager hwdb-client-common hwdb-client-gnome libaudio2 libavc1394-0 libbeagle0 libbluetooth2 libcaca0 libcairo-perl libcamel1.2-10 libcdio6 libcucul0 libcurl3 libdecoration0 libdjvulibre15 libdv4 libebook1.2-9 libecal1.2-7 libedata-book1.2-2 libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9 libedataserverui1.2-8 libeel2-2 libeel2-data libegroupwise1.2-13 libexchange-storage1.2-3 libgcj-bc libgcj-common libgcj7-0 libgconf2.0-cil libgda2-3 libgda2-common libgdiplus libgdl-1-0 libgdl-1-common libgksu1.2-1 libgksuui1.0-1 libglade2.0-cil libglew1 libglib-perl libglib2.0-cil libgmime-2.0-2 libgmime2.2-cil libgnome-desktop-2 libgnome-media0 libgnome-menu2 libgnome-pilot2 libgnome-window-settings1 libgnome2-canvas-perl libgnome2-perl libgnome2-vfs-perl libgnome2.0-cil libgnomecupsui1.0-1c2a libgnomekbd-common libgnomekbd1 libgnomekbdui1 libgnomevfs2-bin libgnomevfs2-extra libgphoto2-2 libgphoto2-port0 libgpod1 libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0 libgtk2-perl libgtk2.0-cil libgtkhtml3.14-19 libgtksourceview-common libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6 libguile-ltdl-1 libhsqldb-java libicu36 libidn11 libiec61883-0 libieee1284-3 libjaxp1.3-java libjline-java liblpint-bonobo0 libmdbtools libmetacity0 libmono-cairo1.0-cil libmono-corlib1.0-cil libmono-corlib2.0-cil libmono-data-tds2.0-cil libmono-security2.0-cil libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil libmono-sqlite2.0-cil libmono-system-data2.0-cil libmono-system-web2.0-cil libmono-system1.0-cil libmono-system2.0-cil libmono0 libmono2.0-cil libmusicbrainz4c2a libnautilus-burn4 libnautilus-extension1 libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil libndesk-dbus1.0-cil libneon25 libnl1-pre6 libnm-util0 liboil0.3 libopal-2.2.0 libpisock9 libpisync0 libpt-1.10.0 libpt-plugins-alsa libpt-plugins-v4l libpt-plugins-v4l2 libqthreads-12 libraw1394-8 libsane libservlet2.3-java libshout3 libslab0 libsndfile1 libsoup2.2-8 libstlport5.1 libtotem-plparser1 libungif4g libvisual-0.4-0 libvorbisenc2 libwps-0.1-1 libxalan2-java libxerces2-java libxml2-utils metacity metacity-common mono-common mono-gac mono-jit mono-runtime nautilus nautilus-cd-burner nautilus-data nautilus-sendto network-manager network-manager-gnome openoffice.org openoffice.org-base openoffice.org-calc openoffice.org-common openoffice.org-core openoffice.org-draw openoffice.org-evolution openoffice.org-filter-mobiledev openoffice.org-gnome openoffice.org-gtk openoffice.org-hyphenation openoffice.org-impress openoffice.org-java-common openoffice.org-math openoffice.org-style-human openoffice.org-writer pkg-config python-bittorrent python-gmenu python-gnome2-desktop python-gnome2-extras python-gst0.10 python-libxml2 python-uno rdesktop rhythmbox rss-glx screensaver-default-images serpentine sound-juicer ssh-askpass-gnome tangerine-icon-theme tomboy totem totem-gstreamer totem-mozilla tsclient ttf-opensymbol ubuntu-desktop ubuntu-docs ubuntu-sounds update-notifier usplash-theme-ubuntu vino whois xsane xsane-common xsltproc yelp
- Instalar Kde:
  >> sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop
- Desinstalar Kde:
  >> sudo apt-get remove adept adept-batch adept-common adept-installer adept-manager adept-notifier adept-updater akregator amarok amarok-xine apport-qt ark arts bluez-cups bluez-pin bluez-utils bogofilter bogofilter-bdb bogofilter-common brltty bsh ca-certificates debtags dhcdbd digikam enscript fftw3 fping gcj-4.1-base gij gij-4.1 gtk-qt-engine gwenview hwdb-client-common hwdb-client-kde k3b kaddressbook kaffeine kaffeine-xine kamera karm katapult kate kbstate kcontrol kcron kde-guidance kde-guidance-powermanager kde-icons-mono kde-style-polyester kde-systemsettings kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdebase-bin kdebase-data kdebase-kio-plugins kdebluetooth kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelibs-data kdelibs4c2a kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdemultimedia-kio-plugins kdenetwork-filesharing kdenetwork-kfile-plugins kdepasswd kdepim-kio-plugins kdepim-kresources kdepim-wizards kdeprint kdesktop kdm kdnssd keep kexi kfind kghostview khelpcenter kicker kio-apt kio-locate kipi-plugins klipper kmag kmail kmailcvt kmenuedit kmilo kmix kmousetool kmplayer-base kmplayer-konq-plugins knetworkconf knetworkmanager knotes koffice-data koffice-libs konq-plugins konqueror konqueror-nsplugins konsole kontact konversation kooka kopete korganizer kpdf kpf kppp krdc krfb kscreensaver ksmserver ksnapshot ksplash ksplash-engine-moodin ksvg ksysguard ksysguardd ksystemlog ktorrent kubuntu-artwork-usplash kubuntu-default-settings kubuntu-desktop kubuntu-docs kubuntu-konqueror-shortcuts kwalletmanager kwin kwin-style-crystal language-selector-qt libakode2 libarts1-akode libarts1c2a libartsc0 libaudio2 libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-qt3-1 libbluetooth2 libcurl3 libcurl3-gnutls libdbus-qt-1-1c2 libexiv2-0.12 libflac++5c2 libgcj-bc libgcj-common libgcj7-0 libgmp3c2 libgpgme11 libgphoto2-2 libgphoto2-port0 libgpod1 libgsl0 libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0 libicu36 libid3tag0 libidn11 libieee1284-3 libifp4 libimlib2 libjasper-runtime libjaxp1.3-java libjline-java libk3b2 libkcal2b libkcddb1 libkdepim1a libkexiv2-0 libkipi0 libkleopatra1 libkmime2 libkonq4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1 libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 liblua50 liblualib50 libmeanwhile1 libmimelib1c2a libmpcdec3 libmtp5 libmusicbrainz4c2a libmysqlclient15off libneon25 libnjb5 libnl1-pre6 libnm-util0 libofa0 liboggflac3 libopenexr2c2a libopenobex1 libpoppler1-qt libpq5 libpythonize0 libqt-perl libqt3-mt libqt4-core libqt4-gui libqt4-qt3support libqt4-sql libraw1394-8 librsync1 libruby1.8 libsamplerate0 libsane libskim0 libsmokeqt1 libsndfile1 libsqlite0 libstlport5.1 libtdb1 libtunepimp5 libungif4g libvisual-0.4-0 libvorbisenc2 libwps-0.1-1 libxalan2-java libxerces2-java mysql-common network-manager networkstatus openoffice.org-calc openoffice.org-common openoffice.org-core openoffice.org-draw openoffice.org-hyphenation openoffice.org-impress openoffice.org-java-common openoffice.org-kde openoffice.org-math openoffice.org-style-crystal openoffice.org-style-human openoffice.org-writer perl-suid pmount poster psutils pykdeextensions python-kde3 python-qt3 python-qt4 python-sip4 python-uno python2.5-dev qca-tls qobex rdiff-backup ruby ruby1.8 scim-qtimm skim software-properties-kde speedcrunch ttf-opensymbol vorbis-tools
- Instalar Xfce:
  >> sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop
- Desinstalar Xfce:
  >> sudo apt-get remove abiword abiword-common abiword-plugins anthy gnumeric-common gnumeric-gtk gqview gtk2-engines-xfce gxine hal-cups-utils libaiksaurus-1.2-0c2a libaiksaurus-1.2-data libaiksaurusgtk-1.2-0c2a libanthy0 libchewing3 libchewing3-data libexo-0.3-0 libgdome2-0 libgdome2-cpp-smart0c2a libglib2.0-data libgoffice-0-common libgoffice-gtk-0-3 libgtkmathview0c2a libjpeg-progs libmodplug0c2 libots0 libpcre3 libpulse0 libt1-5 libtagc0 libthunar-vfs-1-2 libwpd-stream8c2a libxfce4mcs-client3 libxfce4mcs-manager3 libxfce4util4 libxfcegui4-4 libxine1 libxvmc1 mousepad mozilla-thunderbird orage python-cups python-exo scim-anthy scim-chewing scim-hangul scim-pinyin system-config-printer thunar thunar-archive-plugin thunar-doc thunar-media-tags-plugin thunar-volman-plugin vim-runtime xarchiver xfburn xfce4-appfinder xfce4-battery-plugin xfce4-clipman-plugin xfce4-cpugraph-plugin xfce4-dict-plugin xfce4-fsguard-plugin xfce4-icon-theme xfce4-mailwatch-plugin xfce4-mcs-manager xfce4-mcs-plugins xfce4-mixer xfce4-mixer-alsa xfce4-mount-plugin xfce4-netload-plugin xfce4-notes-plugin xfce4-panel xfce4-quicklauncher-plugin xfce4-screenshooter-plugin xfce4-session xfce4-smartbookmark-plugin xfce4-systemload-plugin xfce4-taskmanager xfce4-terminal xfce4-utils xfce4-verve-plugin xfce4-weather-plugin xfce4-xkb-plugin xfdesktop4 xfprint4 xfwm4 xfwm4-themes xscreensaver xubuntu-artwork-usplash xubuntu-default-settings xubuntu-desktop xubuntu-docs
En Ubuntu Edgy (6.10):
- Instalar Gnome:
  >> sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop
- Desinstalar Gnome:
  >> sudo apt-get remove alacarte aspell binfmt-support bittorrent bluez-cups bluez-pin bluez-utils brltty brltty-x11 bsh bug-buddy ca-certificates capplets-data cli-common contact-lookup-applet deskbar-applet diveintopython ekiga eog esound evince evolution evolution-data-server evolution-data-server-common evolution-exchange evolution-plugins evolution-webcal f-spot file-roller firefox-gnome-support fping gcalctool gcj-4.1-base gconf-editor gdb gedit gedit-common gij gij-4.1 gimp-python gnome-about gnome-applets gnome-applets-data gnome-btdownload gnome-control-center gnome-cups-manager gnome-desktop-data gnome-doc-utils gnome-games gnome-games-data gnome-keyring-manager gnome-media gnome-media-common gnome-menus gnome-netstatus-applet gnome-nettool gnome-panel gnome-panel-data gnome-pilot gnome-pilot-conduits gnome-power-manager gnome-screensaver gnome-session gnome-spell gnome-system-monitor gnome-system-tools gnome-terminal gnome-terminal-data gnome-themes gnome-utils gnome-volume-manager gnome2-user-guide gstreamer0.10-alsa gstreamer0.10-esd gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs gstreamer0.10-plugins-base gstreamer0.10-plugins-base-apps gstreamer0.10-plugins-good gstreamer0.10-tools gstreamer0.10-x gthumb gtkhtml3.8 gucharmap guile-1.6-libs hal-device-manager hwdb-client-common hwdb-client-gnome libaudio2 libavc1394-0 libbeagle0 libbluetooth2 libbtctl4 libcairo-perl libcamel1.2-8 libcdio6 libcurl3 libdbus-1-cil libdirectfb-0.9-24 libdjvulibre15 libdv4 libebook1.2-9 libecal1.2-7 libedata-book1.2-2 libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-7 libedataserverui1.2-8 libeel2-2 libeel2-data libegroupwise1.2-12 libexchange-storage1.2-2 libflac7 libgcj-bc libgcj-common libgcj7-0 libgconf2.0-cil libgda2-3 libgda2-common libgdl-1-0 libgdl-1-common libgksu1.2-1 libgksuui1.0-1 libglade2.0-cil libglew1 libglib-perl libglib2.0-cil libgmime-2.0-2 libgmime2.2-cil libgnome-desktop-2 libgnome-media0 libgnome-menu2 libgnome-pilot2 libgnome-window-settings1 libgnome2-canvas-perl libgnome2-perl libgnome2-vfs-perl libgnome2.0-cil libgnomebt0 libgnomecupsui1.0-1c2a libgnomevfs2-bin libgnomevfs2-extra libgphoto2-2 libgphoto2-port0 libgpod0 libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0 libgstreamer0.10-0 libgtk2-perl libgtk2.0-cil libgtkhtml3.8-15 libgtksourceview-common libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap5 libguile-ltdl-1 libhsqldb-java libicu34 libidn11 libiec61883-0 libieee1284-3 libjasper-1.701-1 libjaxp1.2-java libjline-java liblpint-bonobo0 libmagick9 libmdbtools libmetacity0 libmono-cairo1.0-cil libmono-corlib1.0-cil libmono-data-tds1.0-cil libmono-security1.0-cil libmono-sharpzip0.84-cil libmono-sqlite1.0-cil libmono-system-data1.0-cil libmono-system-web1.0-cil libmono-system1.0-cil libmono0 libmono1.0-cil libmusicbrainz4c2a libnautilus-burn4 libnautilus-extension1 libneon25 libnotify1 liboil0.3 libopal-2.2.0 libopenobex-1.0-0 libpanel-applet2-0 libpisock9 libpisync0 libportaudio0 libpt-1.10.0 libpt-plugins-alsa libpt-plugins-v4l libpt-plugins-v4l2 libqthreads-12 libraw1394-8 libsane libsdl1.2debian libsdl1.2debian-alsa libservlet2.3-java libsexy2 libshout3 libsmbclient libsndfile1 libsoup2.2-8 libsqlite3-0 libstlport4.6c2 libtotem-plparser1 libvisual-0.4-0 libvorbisenc2 libwnck-common libwnck18 libxalan2-java libxerces2-java libxklavier11 libxml2-utils libxmlsec1 libxmlsec1-nss libxmlsec1-openssl libxres1 libxt-java metacity metacity-common mono-common mono-gac mono-jit mono-runtime nautilus nautilus-cd-burner nautilus-data nautilus-sendto notification-daemon openoffice.org openoffice.org-base openoffice.org-calc openoffice.org-common openoffice.org-core openoffice.org-draw openoffice.org-evolution openoffice.org-gnome openoffice.org-gtk openoffice.org-impress openoffice.org-java-common openoffice.org-math openoffice.org-style-default openoffice.org-style-industrial openoffice.org-writer pkg-config python-gmenu python-gnome2-desktop python-gnome2-extras python-gst0.10 python-uno rdesktop rhythmbox rss-glx screensaver-default-images serpentine sound-juicer ssh-askpass-gnome tangerine-icon-theme tomboy totem totem-gstreamer totem-mozilla tsclient ttf-opensymbol ubuntu-desktop ubuntu-docs update-notifier usplash-theme-ubuntu vino vnc-common whois xsane xsane-common xsltproc xvncviewer yelp zenity
- Instalar Kde:
- Desinstalar Kde:
  >> sudo apt-get remove adept adept-batch adept-common adept-installer adept-manager adept-notifier adept-updater akregator amarok amarok-xine apt-index-watcher ark arts bluez-cups bluez-pin bluez-utils bogofilter bogofilter-bdb bogofilter-common brltty bsh ca-certificates dcraw debtags digikam diveintopython enscript fping gcj-4.1-base gdb gij gij-4.1 gtk2-engines-gtk-qt gwenview hwdb-client-common hwdb-client-kde k3b kaddressbook kaffeine kaffeine-xine kamera karm katapult kate kaudiocreator kbstate kcontrol kcron kde-guidance kde-guidance-powermanager kde-icons-mono kde-systemsettings kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdebase-bin kdebase-data kdebase-kio-plugins kdebluetooth kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelibs-data kdelibs4c2a kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdemultimedia-kio-plugins kdenetwork-filesharing kdenetwork-kfile-plugins kdepasswd kdepim-kio-plugins kdepim-kresources kdepim-wizards kdeprint kdesktop kdm kdnssd keep kfind kghostview khelpcenter kicker kio-apt kio-locate kipi-plugins klipper kmag kmail kmailcvt kmenuedit kmilo kmix kmousetool kmplayer-base kmplayer-konq-plugins knetworkconf knotes koffice-data koffice-libs konq-plugins konqueror konqueror-nsplugins konsole kontact konversation kooka kopete korganizer kpdf kpf kppp krdc krfb krita krita-data kscd kscreensaver ksmserver ksnapshot ksplash ksplash-engine-moodin ksvg ksysguard ksysguardd ksystemlog ktorrent kubuntu-artwork-usplash kubuntu-default-settings kubuntu-docs kubuntu-konqueror-shortcuts kwalletmanager kwin kwin-style-crystal language-selector-qt libakode2 libarts1-akode libarts1c2a libartsc0 libaudio2 libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-qt3-1 libbluetooth2 libc6-dev libcurl3 libcurl3-gnutls libdbus-qt-1-1c2 libdirectfb-0.9-24 libexif-dev libflac++5c2 libflac7 libgcj-bc libgcj-common libgcj7-0 libgmp3c2 libgpgme11 libgphoto2-2 libgphoto2-2-dev libgphoto2-port0 libgpod0 libgsl0 libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0 libgstreamer0.10-0 libhsqldb-java libicu34 libidn11 libieee1284-3 libifp4 libimlib2 libjasper-1.701-1 libjasper-runtime libjaxp1.2-java libjline-java libk3b2 libkcal2b libkcddb1 libkdepim1a libkexif1 libkipi0 libkleopatra1 libkmime2 libkonq4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1 libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 liblua50 liblualib50 libmagick++9c2a libmagick9 libmdbtools libmimelib1c2a libmpcdec3 libmusicbrainz4c2a libmysqlclient15off libneon25 libnjb5 libnss-mdns liboggflac3 libopenexr2c2a libopenobex-1.0-0 libpoppler1-qt libportaudio0 libpq4 libpythonize0 libqt3-mt libqt4-core libqt4-gui libqt4-qt3support libqt4-sql libraw1394-8 librsync1 libruby1.8 libsamplerate0 libsane libsdl1.2debian libsdl1.2debian-alsa libservlet2.3-java libskim0 libsmbclient libsndfile1 libsqlite0 libsqlite3-0 libstlport4.6c2 libtdb1 libtunepimp3 libungif4g libvisual-0.4-0 libvorbisenc2 libvorbisfile3 libxalan2-java libxerces2-java libxmlsec1 libxmlsec1-nss libxmlsec1-openssl libxt-java linux-libc-dev mysql-common openoffice.org openoffice.org-base openoffice.org-calc openoffice.org-common openoffice.org-core openoffice.org-draw openoffice.org-impress openoffice.org-java-common openoffice.org-kde openoffice.org-math openoffice.org-style-crystal openoffice.org-style-default openoffice.org-writer perl-suid pkg-config poster psutils pykdeextensions python-elementtree python-kde3 python-qt3 python-qt4 python-sip4 python-uno python2.4-dev qca-tls qobex rdiff-backup ruby ruby1.8 scim-qtimm skim speedcrunch ttf-opensymbol vorbis-tools wlassistant
- Instalar Xfce:
- Desinstalar Xfce:
  >> sudo apt-get remove abiword abiword-common abiword-plugins anthy gnumeric-common gnumeric-gtk gqview gtk2-engines-xfce gxine libaiksaurus-1.2-0c2a libaiksaurus-1.2-data libaiksaurusgtk-1.2-0c2a libanthy0 libchewing3 libchewing3-data libexo-0.3-0 libgdome2-0 libgdome2-cpp-smart0c2a libglib2.0-data libgoffice-0-common libgoffice-gtk-0-3 libgsf-gnome-1-114 libgtkmathview0c2a libjpeg-progs libmodplug0c2 libots0 libpcre3 libt1-5 libtagc0 libthunar-vfs-1-2 libwpd-stream8c2a libxcomposite1 libxfce4mcs-client3 libxfce4mcs-manager3 libxfce4util4 libxfcegui4-4 libxine1 libxvmc1 mousepad mozilla-thunderbird orage python-cups python-exo scim-anthy scim-chewing scim-hangul scim-pinyin system-config-printer thunar thunar-archive-plugin thunar-media-tags-plugin vim-runtime xarchiver xfburn xfce4-appfinder xfce4-battery-plugin xfce4-clipman-plugin xfce4-cpugraph-plugin xfce4-dict-plugin xfce4-fsguard-plugin xfce4-icon-theme xfce4-mailwatch-plugin xfce4-mcs-manager xfce4-mcs-plugins xfce4-mixer xfce4-mixer-alsa xfce4-mount-plugin xfce4-netload-plugin xfce4-notes-plugin xfce4-panel xfce4-quicklauncher-plugin xfce4-screenshooter-plugin xfce4-session xfce4-smartbookmark-plugin xfce4-systemload-plugin xfce4-taskmanager xfce4-terminal xfce4-utils xfce4-verve-plugin xfce4-weather-plugin xfce4-xkb-plugin xfdesktop4 xfprint4 xfwm4 xfwm4-themes xscreensaver xubuntu-artwork-usplash xubuntu-default-settings xubuntu-desktop xubuntu-docs
En Ubuntu Dapper (6.6):
- Instalar Gnome:
- Desinstalar Gnome:
  >> sudo apt-get remove alacarte app-install-data app-install-data-commercial at-spi bicyclerepair bittorrent blt bluez-cups bluez-pcmcia-support bluez-pin bluez-utils brltty brltty-x11 bsh bug-buddy ca-certificates capplets-data contact-lookup-applet deskbar-applet diveintopython ekiga eog esound esound-common evince evolution evolution-data-server evolution-exchange evolution-plugins evolution-webcal fastjar festival festlex-cmu festlex-poslex festvox-kallpc16k file-roller firefox-gnome-support fping gcalctool gcj-4.1-base gconf-editor gdb gedit gedit-common gij-4.1 gimp-python gnome-about gnome-accessibility-themes gnome-app-install gnome-applets gnome-applets-data gnome-btdownload gnome-control-center gnome-cups-manager gnome-desktop-data gnome-doc-utils gnome-games gnome-games-data gnome-mag gnome-media gnome-menus gnome-mime-data gnome-netstatus-applet gnome-nettool gnome-panel gnome-panel-data gnome-pilot gnome-pilot-conduits gnome-power-manager gnome-screensaver gnome-session gnome-spell gnome-system-monitor gnome-system-tools gnome-terminal gnome-terminal-data gnome-themes gnome-utils gnome-volume-manager gnome2-user-guide gnopernicus gok gstreamer0.10-alsa gstreamer0.10-esd gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs gstreamer0.10-plugins-base gstreamer0.10-plugins-base-apps gstreamer0.10-plugins-good gstreamer0.10-tools gstreamer0.10-x gthumb gtk2-engines-crux gtk2-engines-highcontrast gtk2-engines-lighthouseblue gtk2-engines-pixbuf gtk2-engines-redmond95 gtk2-engines-thinice gtkhtml3.8 gucharmap guile-1.6-libs hal-device-manager hwdb-client java-common java-gcj-compat libadns1 libatspi1.0-0 libaudio2 libavahi-client3 libavahi-common-data libavahi-common3 libavahi-glib1 libavc1394-0 libbeagle0 libbluetooth1 libbonobo2-0 libbonobo2-common libbonoboui2-0 libbonoboui2-common libbrlapi1 libbtctl2 libcamel1.2-8 libcdio6 libcompfaceg1 libcurl3 libcurl3-gnutls libdv4 libebook1.2-5 libecal1.2-3 libedata-book1.2-2 libedata-cal1.2-1 libedataserver1.2-7 libedataserverui1.2-6 libeel2-2 libeel2-data libegroupwise1.2-9 libesd-alsa0 libestools1.2 libexchange-storage1.2-1 libflac7 libgail-common libgail-gnome-module libgail17 libgcj-common libgcj7 libgcj7-jar libgd2-noxpm libgda2-3 libgda2-common libgdl-1-0 libgdl-1-common libgeoip1 libglew1 libglib-perl libgmp3c2 libgnome-desktop-2 libgnome-mag2 libgnome-menu2 libgnome-pilot2 libgnome-speech3 libgnome2-0 libgnome2-canvas-perl libgnome2-common libgnome2-perl libgnome2-vfs-perl libgnomebt0 libgnomecupsui1.0-1c2a libgnomeui-0 libgnomeui-common libgnomevfs2-0 libgnomevfs2-bin libgnomevfs2-common libgnomevfs2-extra libgnucrypto-java libgphoto2-2 libgphoto2-port0 libgpod0 libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0 libgstreamer0.10-0 libgtk2-perl libgtkhtml2-0 libgtkhtml3.8-15 libgtksourceview-common libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgtop2-7 libgucharmap4 libguile-ltdl-1 libhsqldb-java libicu34 libid3-3.8.3c2a libidn11 libieee1284-3 libjasper-1.701-1 libjaxp1.2-java libjessie-java libjline-java liblircclient0 liblpint-bonobo0 libmagick9 libmdbtools libmetacity0 libmusicbrainz4c2a libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn3 libnautilus-extension1 libneon25 libnetcdf3 libnotify1 liboil0.3 libopal-2.2.0 libopenobex-1.0-0 libpanel-applet2-0 libpisock8 libpisync0 libportaudio0 libpq4 libpt-1.10.0 libpt-plugins-alsa libpt-plugins-v4l libpt-plugins-v4l2 libqthreads-12 libraptor1 librasqal0 libraw1394-5 librdf0 libsane libsdl1.2debian libsdl1.2debian-alsa libservlet2.3-java libsexy2 libshout3 libsmbclient libsndfile1 libsoup2.2-8 libsqlite0 libsqlite3-0 libstlport4.6c2 libtotem-plparser1 libvorbisenc2 libvorbisfile3 libwnck-common libwnck18 libxalan2-java libxerces2-java libxklavier10 libxml2-utils libxmlsec1 libxmlsec1-nss libxmlsec1-openssl libxres1 libxt-java metacity mysql-common nautilus nautilus-cd-burner nautilus-data nautilus-sendto notification-daemon openoffice.org openoffice.org-base openoffice.org-calc openoffice.org-common openoffice.org-core openoffice.org-draw openoffice.org-evolution openoffice.org-gnome openoffice.org-gtk openoffice.org-impress openoffice.org-java-common openoffice.org-math openoffice.org-writer openssl pkg-config python-adns python-cddb python-clientcookie python-crypto python-egenix-mxproxy python-egenix-mxstack python-egenix-mxtexttools python-egenix-mxtools python-epydoc python-eunuchs python-examples python-gadfly python-gd python-gdbm python-genetic python-geoip python-gmenu python-gnome2 python-gnome2-desktop python-gnome2-extras python-gst0.10 python-htmlgen python-htmltmpl python-id3lib python-imaging python-imaging-sane python-jabber python-kjbuckets python-launchpad-integration python-ldap python-libxml2 python-mysqldb python-netcdf python-newt python-numeric python-pam python-parted python-pexpect python-pgsql python-pisock python-pqueue python-pyao python-pylibacl python-pyogg python-pyopenssl python-pyorbit python-pyvorbis python-pyxattr python-reportlab python-simpletal python-soappy python-sqlite python-stats python-syck python-tk python-unit python-uno python-xdg python-xml python-xmpp python2.4-adns python2.4-clientcookie python2.4-crypto python2.4-dbus python2.4-dictclient python2.4-egenix-mxdatetime python2.4-egenix-mxproxy python2.4-egenix-mxstack python2.4-egenix-mxtexttools python2.4-egenix-mxtools python2.4-epydoc python2.4-eunuchs python2.4-examples python2.4-gadfly python2.4-gd python2.4-gdbm python2.4-geoip python2.4-gnome2 python2.4-gnome2-desktop python2.4-gnome2-extras python2.4-htmlgen python2.4-htmltmpl python2.4-id3lib python2.4-imaging python2.4-imaging-sane python2.4-jabber python2.4-kjbuckets python2.4-ldap python2.4-librdf python2.4-libxml2 python2.4-libxslt1 python2.4-mysqldb python2.4-pam python2.4-pexpect python2.4-pgsql python2.4-pycurl python2.4-pylibacl python2.4-pyopenssl python2.4-pyorbit python2.4-pyxattr python2.4-reportlab python2.4-simpletal python2.4-soappy python2.4-sqlite python2.4-syck python2.4-tk python2.4-unit python2.4-xml python2.4-xmpp rdesktop rhythmbox rss-glx screensaver-default-images serpentine sound-juicer ssh-askpass-gnome tangerine-icon-theme tcl8.4 tk8.4 totem totem-gstreamer tsclient ttf-opensymbol ubuntu-desktop ubuntu-docs update-notifier vino vnc-common whois xsane xsane-common xsltproc xvncviewer yelp zenity
- Instalar Kde:
- Desinstalar Kde:
  >> sudo apt-get remove adept akregator amarok amarok-xine app-install-data ark arts artsbuilder bicyclerepair blt bluez-cups bluez-pcmcia-support bluez-utils bogofilter bogofilter-bdb bogofilter-common brltty bsh ca-certificates debtags diveintopython enscript esound-common fastjar gcj-4.1-base gij-4.1 gtk2-engines-gtk-qt gwenview imagemagick java-common java-gcj-compat k3b kaddressbook kaffeine kaffeine-xine kamera karm katapult kate kaudiocreator kcontrol kcron kde-guidance kde-style-lipstik kde-systemsettings kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdebase-bin kdebase-data kdebase-kio-plugins kdebluetooth kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelibs-bin kdelibs-data kdelibs4c2a kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdemultimedia-kio-plugins kdenetwork-filesharing kdenetwork-kfile-plugins kdepasswd kdepim-kio-plugins kdepim-kresources kdepim-wizards kdeprint kdesktop kdm kdnssd keep kfind kghostview khelpcenter kicker kio-apt kio-locate klaptopdaemon klipper kmail kmailcvt kmenuedit kmilo kmix kmplayer-base kmplayer-konq-plugins knetworkconf knotes koffice-data koffice-libs konq-plugins konqueror konqueror-nsplugins konsole kontact konversation kooka kopete korganizer kpdf kpf kppp krdc krfb krita krita-data kscd kscreensaver ksmserver ksnapshot ksplash ksplash-engine-moodin ksvg ksysguard ksysguardd ksystemlog ktorrent kubuntu-artwork-usplash kubuntu-default-settings kubuntu-desktop kubuntu-docs kubuntu-konqueror-shortcuts kwalletmanager kwin kwin-style-crystal language-selector-qt libadns1 libakode2 libarts1-akode libarts1c2a libartsc0 libaudio2 libavahi-client3 libavahi-common-data libavahi-common3 libavahi-qt3-1 libbluetooth1 libbrlapi1 libcurl3 libcurl3-gnutls libdbus-qt-1-1c2 libesd-alsa0 libflac++5c2 libflac7 libgadu3 libgcj-common libgcj7 libgcj7-jar libgd2-noxpm libgeoip1 libgmp3c2 libgnucrypto-java libgpgme11 libgphoto2-2 libgphoto2-port0 libgsl0 libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0 libgstreamer0.10-0 libhsqldb-java libicu34 libid3-3.8.3c2a libidn11 libieee1284-3 libjasper-1.701-1 libjaxp1.2-java libjessie-java libjline-java libk3b2 libkcal2b libkcddb1 libkdepim1a libkipi0 libkleopatra1 libkmime2 libkonq4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1 libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libmagick9 libmdbtools libmimelib1c2a libmpcdec3 libmusicbrainz4c2a libmysqlclient15off libneon25 libnetcdf3 libnss-mdns liboggflac3 libopenexr2c2a libopenobex-1.0-0 libpisock8 libpoppler1-qt libportaudio0 libpq4 libpythonize0 libqt3-mt libraptor1 librasqal0 libraw1394-5 librdf0 librsync1 libruby1.8 libsamplerate0 libsane libsensors3 libservlet2.3-java libskim0 libsmbclient libsndfile1 libsqlite0 libsqlite3-0 libstlport4.6c2 libtdb1 libtunepimp2c2a libvorbisenc2 libvorbisfile3 libxalan2-java libxerces2-java libxmlsec1 libxmlsec1-nss libxmlsec1-openssl libxt-java menu-xdg mysql-common openoffice.org openoffice.org-base openoffice.org-calc openoffice.org-common openoffice.org-core openoffice.org-draw openoffice.org-impress openoffice.org-java-common openoffice.org-kde openoffice.org-math openoffice.org-writer openssl perl-suid poster psutils pykdeextensions python-adns python-cddb python-clientcookie python-crypto python-egenix-mxproxy python-egenix-mxstack python-egenix-mxtexttools python-egenix-mxtools python-epydoc python-eunuchs python-examples python-gadfly python-gd python-gdbm python-genetic python-geoip python-htmlgen python-htmltmpl python-id3lib python-imaging python-imaging-sane python-jabber python-kde3 python-kjbuckets python-ldap python-mysqldb python-netcdf python-newt python-numeric python-pam python-parted python-pexpect python-pgsql python-pisock python-pqueue python-pyao python-pylibacl python-pyogg python-pyopenssl python-pyorbit python-pyvorbis python-pyxattr python-reportlab python-simpletal python-soappy python-sqlite python-stats python-syck python-tk python-unit python-uno python-xdg python-xml python-xmpp python2.4-adns python2.4-clientcookie python2.4-crypto python2.4-dbus python2.4-dev python2.4-dictclient python2.4-egenix-mxdatetime python2.4-egenix-mxproxy python2.4-egenix-mxstack python2.4-egenix-mxtexttools python2.4-egenix-mxtools python2.4-epydoc python2.4-eunuchs python2.4-examples python2.4-gadfly python2.4-gd python2.4-gdbm python2.4-geoip python2.4-htmlgen python2.4-htmltmpl python2.4-id3lib python2.4-imaging python2.4-imaging-sane python2.4-jabber python2.4-kde3 python2.4-kjbuckets python2.4-ldap python2.4-librdf python2.4-libxml2 python2.4-libxslt1 python2.4-mysqldb python2.4-pam python2.4-pexpect python2.4-pgsql python2.4-pycurl python2.4-pylibacl python2.4-pyopenssl python2.4-pyorbit python2.4-pyxattr python2.4-qt3 python2.4-reportlab python2.4-simpletal python2.4-sip4-qt3 python2.4-soappy python2.4-sqlite python2.4-syck python2.4-tk python2.4-unit python2.4-xml python2.4-xmpp qca-tls qobex rdiff-backup scim-qtimm skim speedcrunch tcl8.4 tk8.4 ttf-opensymbol vorbis-tools wlassistant
- Instalar Xfce:
- Desinstalar Xfce:
  >> sudo apt-get remove abiword abiword-common abiword-help abiword-plugins anthy gnumeric-common gnumeric-gtk gqview gtk2-engines-xfce im-switch latex-xft-fonts libaiksaurus-1.2-0c2a libaiksaurus-1.2-data libaiksaurusgtk-1.2-0c2a libanthy0 libbeecrypt6 libchewing-data libchewing2 libenchant1c2a libexo-0.3-0 libgdome2-0 libgdome2-cpp-smart0c2a libgoffice-1-common libgoffice-gtk-1-2 libgsf-gnome-1-113 libgtkmathview0c2a libjpeg-progs libmodplug0c2 libots0 libpcre3 librpm4 libt1-5 libtagc0 libthunar-vfs-1 libwpd-stream8c2a libxcomposite1 libxfce4mcs-client3 libxfce4mcs-manager3 libxfce4util4 libxfcegui4-4 libxine-main1 libxvmc1 mousepad mozilla-thunderbird orage rpm scim-anthy scim-chewing scim-hangul scim-pinyin thunar thunar-media-tags-plugin xarchiver xfburn xfce4-appfinder xfce4-battery-plugin xfce4-clipman-plugin xfce4-cpugraph-plugin xfce4-fsguard-plugin xfce4-icon-theme xfce4-mailwatch-plugin xfce4-mcs-manager xfce4-mcs-plugins xfce4-mixer xfce4-mixer-alsa xfce4-mount-plugin xfce4-netload-plugin xfce4-panel xfce4-quicklauncher-plugin xfce4-screenshooter-plugin xfce4-session xfce4-systemload-plugin xfce4-taskmanager xfce4-terminal xfce4-utils xfce4-verve-plugin xfce4-weather-plugin xfce4-xkb-plugin xfdesktop4 xfmedia xfprint4 xfwm4 xfwm4-themes xscreensaver xubuntu-artwork-usplash xubuntu-default-settings xubuntu-desktop xubuntu-docs

Fuente aquí

temas:

ubuntu

howto

Activar la compresión Gzip en tomcat

Lo primero de todo vamos a ver que es la compresión gzip en servidores. Los servidores web tienen la opción de enviar el contenido que estan sirviendo comprimido, para reducir el tamaño de los datos. Por lo que se necesitará menos ancho de banda y las trasferencias tardaran menos tiempo (obteniendo el usuario la páguina web más rápido). Aunque esto se obtiene a costa de aumentar un poco el uso de la CPU (utilizado para hacer la compresión).

No todo el contenido es recomendable servirlo comprimido ya que se elevaría demasiado el uso de la CPU. Es recomendable comprimir solo contenído de texto, como por ejemplo los css, javascript, html, xml, ...

Una vez acabada la explicación, vamos con la práctica. Para activar la compresión Gzip en tomcat, tendremos que editar el fichero que se encuentra en la ruta /conf/server.xml (dentro de la carpeta de nuestro tomcat) y añadir a todos los conectores http que tengamos los siguientes atributos (para comprimir html, xml, css y javascript y no comprimir para los motores gozilla y traviata):

compression="on"
compressionMinSize="2048"
noCompressionUserAgents="gozilla, traviata"
compressableMimeType="text/html,text/xml,text/css,text/javascript"

El significado de cada uno de los parámetros es el siguiente:

compression: Sirve para activar al compresión.
compressionMinSize: Tamaño minimo para comprimir.
noCompressionUserAgents: Le dice para que clientes no tiene que usar la compresión (puedes decirle que no haga compresión para un navegador determinado).
compressableMimeType: con este parámetro le indicamos el contenido que queremos que se sirva comprimido (aquí teneis una lista de los posibles mime type).

Por ejemplo, si tenemos un conector del tomcat en el puerto 80, quedaría así:

<Connector port="8080" maxHttpHeaderSize="8192" maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75" enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" acceptCount="100" connectionTimeout="20000" disableUploadTimeout="true" compression="on" compressionMinSize="2048" noCompressionUserAgents="gozilla, traviata" compressableMimeType="text/html,text/xml,text/css,text/javascript"/>

Los conectores del protocolo ajp no me ha quedado claro si no se puede usar compressión con ellos o como es un protocolo binario no hace falta la compresión porque ya la hace.

temas:

howto

tomcat

El archivo hal.dll falta o esta dañado

Puede ser que alguna vez que encendáis el ordenador os salga un mensaje de error del archivo hal.dll diciendo lo siguiente:

No se ha iniciado Windows porque el siguiente archivo falta o esta dañado:
<windows root>\system32\hal.dll
Reinstale una copia del archivo mencionado.

Para solucionar el error tendremos que usar algún cd de windows para entrar en la consola de recuperación y seguir los siguientes pasos:

Lo primero que aremos será cambiarle los permisos al archivo boot.ini para poderlo modificar (le quitamos los permisos de -R solo lectura, -H archivo oculto y -S archivo del sistema):

>> attrib -R-H-S C:\boot.ini

Una vez tenemos los permisos para modificarlo, borraremos el fichero boot.ini con el siguiente comando:

>> del C:\boot.ini

Ahora con el siguiente comando exploramos los discos duros del equipo en busca de instalaciones de Windows:

>> bootcfg /rebuild

Por último, volvemos a generar el sector de arranque de la partición con los datos recuperados anteriormente:

>> fixboot

Ya esta solucionado, podemos reiniciar el ordenador y Windows cargará correctamente.

temas:

howto

problemas

windows

Click'N'Load en ubuntu con firefox

Click'N'Load es un plugin de JDownloader para descargar varios enlaces a la vez con Jdownloader utilizando Linksave (para encriptar los enlaces) y los contenedores dlc. Una descripción más detallada de Click'N'Load sería la siguiente:

Click'N'Load permite optimizar la usabilidad de Linksave.in al usar JDownloader. Hasta ahora había que descargar un contenedor DLC y abrirlo manualmente. Ahora esto sucede automáticamente. Después de abrir la carpeta Linksave.in se verá un botón Click'N'Load que al pulsarlo, JDownloader abrirá automáticamente todos los enlaces y los mostrará en el recolector de enlaces.

Para usarlo en linux y en firefox tenemos que añadir unas cuantas variables en al configuración de firefox. Para añadir estas variables tenemos que escribir en la barra de direcciones de firefox about:config. Nos dirá que es una zona peligrosa, le decimos que tendremos cuidado. Botón derecho Nuevo y luego a Cadena o Lógico (dependiendo de si el valor que le vamos a poner es una cadena o un booleano). Entonces metemos las siguientes variables y cerramos la pestaña.

network.protocol-handler.app.jd = PATH_TO_SCRIPT/jd.sh
network.protocol-handler.external.jd = true
network.protocol-handler.app.jdlist = PATH_TO_SCRIPT/jd.sh
network.protocol-handler.external.jdlist = true
network.protocol-handler.app.ccf = PATH_TO_SCRIPT/jd.sh
network.protocol-handler.external.ccf = true
network.protocol-handler.app.rsdf = PATH_TO_SCRIPT/jd.sh
network.protocol-handler.external.rsdf = true
network.protocol-handler.app.dlc = PATH_TO_SCRIPT/jd.sh
network.protocol-handler.external.dlc = true

temas:

ubuntu

howto